Chemical Evolution Model Systems Quiz

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What is the main idea behind the prebiotic soup model?

Synthesis of molecules from volcanic eruptions

Synthesis of molecules from deep sea vents

Synthesis of molecules from gases in the atmosphere (correct)

Synthesis of molecules from sunlight

Who proposed the surface metabolism model?

J.B.S. Haldane

Alexander I. Oparin (correct)

Charles Darwin

Stanley Miller

In what year did Stanley Miller perform the breakthrough experiment testing the prebiotic soup model?

1945

1924

1953 (correct)

1967

What gases were present in Earth's early atmosphere in Stanley Miller's experiment?

Methane, Ammonia, Hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

What was the experimental setup designed to represent in Stanley Miller's experiment?

Early Earth's atmosphere Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist first proposed the Oparin–Haldane hypothesis?

Alexander I. Oparin Signup and view all the answers

What crucial component did the electrical discharges in Miller's experiment add to the reaction mix?

Pulses of intense electrical energy Signup and view all the answers

What color did the solution in the boiling flask turn after a day of continuous boiling and sparking in Miller's experiment?

Pink Signup and view all the answers

Why did Miller boil the water constantly in his experiment?

To add water vapor to the mix of gases Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about the starting molecules used in Miller's experiment at the boiling point of water?

They are unstable and undergo spontaneous chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

What were the two poisonous chemicals found by Miller when he analyzed samples from the mini-ocean?

Hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy would have been required for the substrates in Miller's experiment to react without the addition of electrical discharges?

Light energy Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the broth in the straight-necked flask being exposed to preexisting cells?

It indicated that the broth was contaminated with impurities. Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion can be drawn from the swan-necked flask remaining sterile even after months of standing?

The experiment supported Pasteur's data and conclusions. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the composition of atoms in organisms today?

Hydrogen is the most abundant atom in organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of isotopes in the context of atoms?

Isotopes have different numbers of protons but the same number of neutrons. Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic weight of an element based on?

The average mass of all isotopes present in nature. Signup and view all the answers

How did Louis Pasteur's results impact biologists' understanding of cell generation?

Pasteur's data led biologists to reject spontaneous generation. Signup and view all the answers