25 Questions
What is the primary form of calcium phosphate?
Hydroxyapatite
Which of the following ions is NOT typically found with calcium phosphate?
Aluminum
What is the other compound that is often found with calcium phosphate?
Calcium carbonate
What is the characteristic shape of calcium phosphate?
Crystals
Which of the following is a common associate of calcium phosphate?
Magnesium
What is the primary function of the periosteum?
To cover the external surfaces of bone
Where is the periosteum located in relation to the bone?
On the external surfaces of bone
What is the main role of the periosteum in relation to bone structure?
To cover the external surfaces of bone
What is the periosteum's relationship with the bone surface?
It covers the bone surface
Where does the periosteum primarily interact with the bone?
At the external surfaces of bone
What is the function of the bone cells?
To form the unit of bone tissue
What is the origin of the bone cells?
From osteoblasts
What are the lacunae?
Cavities in the bone matrix
What is the process by which osteoblasts get entrapped in the lacunae?
Ossification
What is the result of osteoblasts getting entrapped in the lacunae?
Formation of bone tissue
What is a characteristic of the osteoblasts?
They are multiple and irregularly arranged
What happens to the temporary bone?
It is replaced by the secondary bone
What is the arrangement of the osteoblasts?
They are irregularly arranged
What is the characteristic of the bone tissue?
It is composed of multiple cells
What is the fate of the temporary bone?
It is replaced by the secondary bone
What surrounds the inner circumferential lamellae?
The Haversian canal
Where are the circumferential lamellae located in relation to the bone marrow?
Below the bone marrow
What is the characteristic structural unit in which circumferential lamellae are found?
Compact bone
What is the relationship between the circumferential lamellae and the bone canal?
The bone canal is surrounded by circumferential lamellae
Where are the circumferential lamellae found in relation to the endosteum?
Below the endosteum
Study Notes
Bone Composition
- Bone is composed of calcium phosphate (in the form of hydroxyapatite crystals) and calcium carbonate.
- Other ions present in bone include sodium, magnesium, and ferrous ions.
Periosteum
- The periosteum covers the external surfaces of bones.
- It is a layer of cells that exhibit a characteristic underlying protein structure.
- The periosteum is the unit of bone cells.
Bone Cells
- Bone cells originate from osteoblasts.
- When osteoblasts are trapped within lacunae (cavities), they become bone cells.
- Bone cells are numerous and irregularly arranged.
Temporary Bone
- Temporary bone is replaced later by secondary bone.
- The temporary bone is characterized by circumferential lamellae that surround the central marrow cavity just beneath the endosteum.
Compact Bone
- The characteristic structural unit in compact bone is the circumferential lamellae.
This quiz covers the chemical composition of calcium phosphate, including its crystal forms and additional ions like sodium, magnesium, and ferrous.
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