Chemical and Physical Layers of the Earth
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Chemical and Physical Layers of the Earth

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Questions and Answers

What are the physical layers of the Earth?

  • lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core (correct)
  • crust, mantle, core
  • hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere
  • none of the above
  • What are the chemical layers of the Earth?

  • lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
  • crust, mantle, core (correct)
  • hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere
  • none of the above
  • What is the atmosphere?

    A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon

    What does the hydrosphere encompass?

    <p>All the water at and near the surface of the Earth, 97% of which is in oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the geosphere?

    <p>The mostly solid, rocky part of the Earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lithosphere made of?

    <p>A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the asthenosphere?

    <p>The mantle below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the mesosphere located?

    <p>The strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outer core made of?

    <p>A layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inner core?

    <p>A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the crust?

    <p>The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mantle?

    <p>The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core?

    <p>The central part of the Earth below the mantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a convection current?

    <p>A current caused by the rising of heated fluid and sinking of cooled fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Earth's magnetic field?

    <p>Magnetic lines of force from Earth's polar north and south, acting like a giant magnet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Physical Layers of the Earth

    • Composed of five primary layers: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core.
    • Lithosphere: Rigid outer layer, includes the crust and upper mantle.
    • Asthenosphere: Located beneath the lithosphere, features low resistance to flow, allowing for convection currents.
    • Mesosphere: Stronger, lower layer of the mantle, situated between the asthenosphere and outer core.
    • Outer core: Molten layer composed mainly of iron and nickel, lies above the inner core.
    • Inner core: Dense, solid sphere made primarily of iron and nickel, located at Earth's center.

    Chemical Layers of the Earth

    • Three main layers: crust, mantle, and core.
    • Crust: Thin, solid outermost layer covering the Earth, sits above the mantle.
    • Mantle: Thick layer of hot, solid rock situated between the crust and core, involved in convection currents.
    • Core: Central part of Earth, located beneath the mantle, consists of the outer molten core and inner solid core.

    Atmosphere

    • Composed of a mixture of gases enveloping Earth or other celestial bodies.

    Hydrosphere

    • Encompasses all of Earth's water, with approximately 97% residing in oceans.

    Geosphere

    • Mainly solid, rocky component of Earth, extending from the inner core to the crust surface.

    Convection Currents

    • Result from the movement of heated fluid rising and cooled fluid sinking, driving plate tectonics and mantle dynamics.

    Earth's Magnetic Field

    • Generated by the molten outer core, creating lines of magnetic force that behave like a giant magnet, affecting navigation and animal migration.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of Earth's chemical and physical layers through these flashcards. Learn about the lithosphere, asthenosphere, and atmospheric components as well as the composition of the hydrosphere. This quiz serves as an intriguing study tool for Earth Science enthusiasts.

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