Introduction to Physical Geography

<p>Tectonic plates are a part of the lithosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mantle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of new ocean floor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The existence of a single, large magnetic field surrounding the Earth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1,000-3,700℃ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2,200 km (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium and Silicate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The constant movement of tectonic plates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical State (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4.6 Billion years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subducting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a coarse-grained texture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Divergent boundaries create new crust while convergent boundaries destroy old crust. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limestone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convergent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oceanic plate melts and forms magma, which can rise to the surface and create volcanoes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magma is molten rock inside the Earth, while lava is molten rock on the Earth's surface. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marble (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mid-ocean ridge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plates are moving in opposite directions, creating friction and stress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interaction of physical and chemical forces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are associated with the movement of transform boundaries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Earthquakes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A region of intense volcanic activity around the Pacific Ocean. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They move away from each other, creating new crust. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basalt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was formed before the other major landforms in Canada. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The region's rugged terrain, including steep slopes and high mountains, making development risky and costly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The deposition of sedimentary rock layers in warm, shallow seas over millions of years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Interior Plains and the Great Lakes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lack of fertile soil due to extensive glaciation, limiting vegetation growth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The theory that continents were once joined and have since drifted apart.

The theory that Earth's outer shell is made up of moving plates.

Massive slabs of solid rock that make up Earth's lithosphere.

The rigid outer layer of the Earth, composed of crust and upper mantle.

Plate boundaries where two plates move apart.

Plate boundaries where two plates move towards each other.

Plate boundaries where two plates slide past each other.

Movements in the mantle caused by heat, driving plate movements.

The study of the natural processes and patterns of the earth's environment.

The three main layers are the crust, mantle, and core.

The outermost layer of the Earth, where we live, consisting of continental and oceanic crust.

The largest layer of the Earth, making up 85% of its volume, where temperatures range from 1,000℃ to 3,700℃.

The dense and hot center of the Earth, divided into the outer and inner core, with temperatures of 5,000-6,000℃.

The thick part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents, mainly consisting of various types of rock.

The thinner part of the Earth's crust located under the oceans, primarily made of magnesium and silicate.

The supercontinent that existed 300 million years ago, when all land masses were joined together.

Regions where tectonic plates interact, leading to earthquakes and volcanoes.

Occurs when two tectonic plates move apart, often forming ridges.

An underwater mountain range formed by diverging tectonic plates.

The process where a denser oceanic plate slides beneath a continental plate.

Deep valleys formed by the subduction of oceanic plates.

When two continental plates collide, pushing up land to form mountains.

Occurs when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally.

Volcanoes often form near plate boundaries where magma can escape.

Volcanic regions situated in the middle of tectonic plates, creating chains of volcanoes.

Molten rock located beneath the Earth's crust before it erupts as lava.

Molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface.

Rocks formed from the cooling of magma or lava, either below or above the surface.

Rocks formed by the compaction and cementation of loose sediments over time.

Rocks altered by heat and pressure from other rock types.

Processes that break down rocks through water and wind movement.

The largest geological formation in Canada, created first during Pangea.

The process of rocks breaking down due to repeated actions like rain freezing and expanding.

Depressions caused by glaciers fill with water, creating lakes.

The youngest mountain range in Canada formed by plate collisions.

Uncontrolled expansion of single-family dwellings in urban areas.