Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution
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Questions and Answers

What is biogeography the study of?

  • The distribution of fossils
  • The structures of organisms
  • The geographic distribution of species (correct)
  • The process of evolution
  • What is the concept of homology based on?

  • Similarity in function
  • Different mature forms
  • Common ancestry (correct)
  • Similarity in structure
  • What did Thomas Malthus reason about the human population in 1798?

  • It would grow rapidly if unchecked (correct)
  • It would eventually decrease
  • There would be enough living space and food for everyone
  • It would grow unchecked
  • What is the term for body parts with no apparent function?

    <p>Vestigial organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the supercontinent that existed about 200 million years ago?

    <p>Pangea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary evidence of organisms from the past?

    <p>Mineralized bones, teeth, shells, and other hard body parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Charles Darwin's occupation before he sailed around the world on the H.M.S. Beagle?

    <p>Medicine and Theology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Galapagos Islands in Darwin's theory of evolution?

    <p>They had different ecological conditions and similar climates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who influenced Darwin's ideas about the age of the Earth?

    <p>James Hutton and Charles Lyell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the title of Darwin's book published in 1859?

    <p>On the Origin of Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the fossil record in Darwin's theory of evolution?

    <p>It included many extinct animals that were similar to living species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prompted Darwin to publish his book on evolution in 1859?

    <p>A letter from Alfred Wallace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the existence of heritable variation among individuals in a population?

    <p>Mutations and genetic recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental principle behind Darwin's theory of natural selection?

    <p>Individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment?

    <p>Fitness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of artificial selection, as used by humans?

    <p>To breed useful or desirable traits from natural variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which species change over time through the accumulation of adaptations?

    <p>Descent with modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of homologous structures and genes in different organisms?

    <p>They provide evidence of common descent</p> Signup and view all the answers

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