Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution
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Questions and Answers

What is biogeography the study of?

  • The distribution of fossils
  • The structures of organisms
  • The geographic distribution of species (correct)
  • The process of evolution

What is the concept of homology based on?

  • Similarity in function
  • Different mature forms
  • Common ancestry (correct)
  • Similarity in structure

What did Thomas Malthus reason about the human population in 1798?

  • It would grow rapidly if unchecked (correct)
  • It would eventually decrease
  • There would be enough living space and food for everyone
  • It would grow unchecked

What is the term for body parts with no apparent function?

<p>Vestigial organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the supercontinent that existed about 200 million years ago?

<p>Pangea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary evidence of organisms from the past?

<p>Mineralized bones, teeth, shells, and other hard body parts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Charles Darwin's occupation before he sailed around the world on the H.M.S. Beagle?

<p>Medicine and Theology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Galapagos Islands in Darwin's theory of evolution?

<p>They had different ecological conditions and similar climates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who influenced Darwin's ideas about the age of the Earth?

<p>James Hutton and Charles Lyell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of Darwin's book published in 1859?

<p>On the Origin of Species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the fossil record in Darwin's theory of evolution?

<p>It included many extinct animals that were similar to living species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prompted Darwin to publish his book on evolution in 1859?

<p>A letter from Alfred Wallace (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the existence of heritable variation among individuals in a population?

<p>Mutations and genetic recombination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle behind Darwin's theory of natural selection?

<p>Individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment?

<p>Fitness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of artificial selection, as used by humans?

<p>To breed useful or desirable traits from natural variation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which species change over time through the accumulation of adaptations?

<p>Descent with modification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of homologous structures and genes in different organisms?

<p>They provide evidence of common descent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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