Chemical Equilibrium
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of reversible reactions?

  • They have a tendency to attain a state of equilibrium (correct)
  • They always release heat energy
  • They always involve strong acids and bases
  • They can proceed to completion
  • What is an example of a reversible reaction?

  • Neutralisation between strong acid and strong base
  • Neutralisation between an acid and a base either of which or both are weak (correct)
  • Thermal decomposition of PCl5
  • Redox reaction between SnCl2 and FeCl3
  • What is the significance of the sign ⇌ in a reaction?

  • It represents the yield of the reaction
  • It represents the reversibility of the reaction (correct)
  • It represents the rate of the reaction
  • It represents the irreversibility of the reaction
  • What is the characteristic of an irreversible reaction?

    <p>The free energy change is always less than zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an irreversible reaction?

    <p>Thermal decomposition of MnO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing temperature on the solubility of CaCl₂?

    <p>Solubility decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of adding a catalyst on the equilibrium of a reaction?

    <p>Equilibrium remains unaffected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for no change in equilibrium when the pressure of the system is changed?

    <p>Δn = 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of removing NH₃ on the equilibrium of the Haber's process?

    <p>Equilibrium shifts to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high pressure on the equilibrium of the formation of nitrogen dioxide?

    <p>Equilibrium shifts to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an irreversible reaction?

    <p>A reaction in which entire amount of the reactants is converted into products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of a reversible reaction?

    <p>The reaction proceeds in both forward and backward directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the concentration of reactants in a chemical reaction?

    <p>It decreases with time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a reaction that occurs in a state of equilibrium?

    <p>The reaction is balancing forward and backward reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are chemical reactions classified based on the extent to which they proceed?

    <p>Into two classes: reversible and irreversible reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At equilibrium, what is the relationship between the rate of the forward reaction and the rate of the reverse reaction?

    <p>The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of multiplying a chemical equation by a coefficient on the equilibrium constant?

    <p>The equilibrium constant is raised to the power of the coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Kp and Kc when Δn = 0?

    <p>Kp = Kc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of Kp when Δn ≠ 0?

    <p>atm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the equilibrium state in a closed vessel?

    <p>It is dynamic in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibrium reactions?

    <p>The phase of the reactants and products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the concentration quotient (Q) in relation to the equilibrium constant (K)?

    <p>Q equals K when the reaction is at equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Q > K, what will happen to the reaction?

    <p>The reaction will proceed in the direction of reactants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Kp and Kc?

    <p>Kp and Kc are equal at equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the units of the equilibrium constant Kc?

    <p>Dimensionless.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the standard free energy change of a reaction and its equilibrium constant?

    <p>ΔG° = -2.303 RT log K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a reaction aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD, what is the correct expression for the equilibrium constant K?

    <p>K = (aC)c (aD)d / (aA)a (aB)b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of equilibrium constant Kc for a reaction aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD?

    <p>M^(c+d-a-b)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the equilibrium constants Kp and Kc for a reaction aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD?

    <p>Kp = Kc × (RT)^Δn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a reaction at equilibrium, what is the condition for no change in equilibrium when the pressure of the system is changed?

    <p>Δn = 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

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