Characteristics of Living Things
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Questions and Answers

What is the main ingredient of urine?

  • Uric Acid
  • Sodium
  • Urea (correct)
  • Creatinine

    • Cranial and Spinal Nerves are part of the central nervous system.

    False (B)

    What is the function of platelets in the human body?

    Blood clotting

    The working unit of the kidney that filters blood is called the ______.

    <p>nephron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the respiratory conditions with their definitions:

    <p>Asthma = Condition where air passages narrow causing difficulty to breathe Bronchitis = Mucus in the air passages builds up causing difficulty to breathe Emphysema = Inflation of alveoli reducing lung capacity makes it difficult to breathe Atherosclerosis = Build up of cholesterol in arteries disrupting blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?

    <p>Cannot reproduce (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An organism that is unicellular has only one cell.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest organ in the human body?

    <p>skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Particles in a fluid move from high concentration to low concentration in a process called __________.

    <p>diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organisms to their method of movement:

    <p>Amoeba = Cilia Paramecium = Pseudopods Fish = Gills Insects = Spiracles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second largest organ in the human body?

    <p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osmosis refers to the movement of solute particles across a membrane.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define structural adaptation and provide an example.

    <p>A structural adaptation is a change in a species' structure to help it survive. For example, the long neck of a giraffe helps it reach high leaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of CO2 in exhaled air indicate when exhaling into Bromothymol Blue solution?

    <p>CO2 is present (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arteries have valves, while veins do not.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the building blocks of proteins?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Villi increase surface area to absorb __________ in the small intestine.

    <p>nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of gastric juice with their functions:

    <p>HCl = Creates acidic environment for digestion Mucus = Protects stomach lining Pepsin = Breaks down proteins Water = Solvent for other enzymes and acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of red blood cells?

    <p>Carry oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mechanical digestion involves chemical reactions such as acid and enzymes.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are xylem and phloem classified as?

    <p>Transport tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Living Things Characteristics

    • Living things are made of cells
    • Living things need energy
    • Living things grow and develop
    • Living things reproduce
    • Living things respond to their environment
    • Living things have adaptations for their environment

    Structure and Function

    • Structure determines function
    • Example: a wing's structure enables flight

    Structural Adaptations

    • These are changes in a species' structure to aid survival
    • Example: a specific example is not provided.

    Largest and Second Largest Organs

    • Largest organ: Skin
    • Second largest organ: Liver

    Microscopy and Diagrams

    • Diagrams of microscopes and other biological structures should be labeled according to the provided diagrams.

    Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems

    • Cells combine to form tissues
    • Different tissues combine to create organs
    • Organs work together as systems (e.g., the circulatory system)

    Unicellular vs. Multicellular

    • Unicellular organisms consist of one cell
    • Multicellular organisms consist of many cells

    Cellular Movement

    • Amoeba: Move using pseudopods
    • Paramecium: Move using cilia

    Diffusion and Osmosis

    • Diffusion: Movement of particles from high to low concentration
    • Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a membrane

    Water Movement Across Membranes

    • Water moves from high to low concentration
    • Example of a concentration gradient diagram is included.

    Xylem and Phloem

    • Xylem transports water
    • Phloem transports food
    • Both are types of transport tissue.

    Digestion

    • Mechanical digestion: Physical breakdown (e.g., chewing)
    • Chemical digestion: Breakdown via chemical reactions (e.g., enzymes)
    • Components of gastric juice: hydrochloric acid (HCI), mucus, enzymes (pepsin), and water.
    • Villi: Small projections in the small intestine to increase nutrient absorption surface area.

    Complex Molecules and Building Blocks

    • Complex carbohydrates (starch) break down into sugars
    • Lipids break down into fatty acids
    • Proteins break down into amino acids
    • Vitamins and minerals remain in their molecular form.

    Breathing and the Diaphragm

    • Exhaled air contains carbon dioxide.
    • Diaphragm acts as a pump to move air in and out of the body during respiration.

    Heart Anatomy

    • Heart has different chambers. Each chamber contains a specific type of blood.

    Artery vs. Vein

    • Arteries carry blood away from the heart (high pressure/thick walls)
    • Veins carry blood to the heart (low pressure/thin walls, valves)

    Gas Exchange

    • Occurs in capillaries and alveoli (lungs) for respiration.

    Excretion

    • Removal of waste products from the body
    • Urea: Waste product produced in the liver and excreted in urine
    • Nephrons (kidneys) are the filtering units of the kidney that remove waste from the blood.
    • Neuron: Nerve Cell

    Nervous System

    • CNS: Brain and spinal cord
    • PNS: Peripheral nerves (cranial and spinal) connecting to various parts of the body, including muscles and organs.
    • 3 types of neurons: motor neurons, sensory neurons, and interneurons
    • Cranial and Spinal Nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system. This is True.

    Vaccines and Diseases

    • Vaccines: Body builds immunity to mild form of disease preventing actual disease.
    • Specific diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, atherosclerosis, and lung cancer, with related descriptions.

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    Related Documents

    Unit B Exam Review 2022 Key - Science in Action 8 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental characteristics that define living organisms, including their cellular structure, energy needs, growth, reproduction, and adaptation. It also covers the relationship between structure and function, and the organization of cells into tissues and organs. Prepare to test your understanding of biology!

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