29 Questions
What are some common behavioral responses to disasters mentioned in the text?
Anger, disbelief, and sadness
Which of the following is NOT listed as a common behavioral response to disasters?
Joy
What may children experience after a disaster according to the text?
Nightmares and separation anxiety
Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with aggression, as mentioned in the text?
Friendly demeanor and calm voice
What is a common nursing diagnosis associated with disasters mentioned in the text?
Risk for infection
What is a crucial factor in managing aggressive or violent behavior?
Past history of violence
What does the evaluation process in disaster nursing involve according to the text?
Reassessment to determine success of nursing interventions
What aspect is emphasized as the key issue in managing aggressive or violent behavior?
Preventing escalation
Based on the text, which of the following is considered crucial in identifying the extent of risks associated with aggression?
Current behaviors
What should individuals ideally have to help prevent the development of a crisis, according to the text?
Strong family support
In crisis situations, what could potentially help individuals avoid reaching a critical point, based on the information provided?
Cultivating healthy coping mechanisms
What type of crisis is characterized by an unexpected, external stressor over which the individual has little or no control?
Traumatic stress crisis
Which type of crisis occurs in response to a situation triggering unresolved conflicts in one's life?
Maturational crisis
In which crisis type is preexisting psychopathology instrumental in precipitating the crisis?
Psychopathological crisis
What defines a psychiatric emergency crisis?
Impaired general functioning and inability to assume personal responsibility
Which characteristic is NOT associated with identifying anger in a crisis situation according to the text?
High-pitched voice
What is the key difference between a maturational crisis and a traumatic stress crisis?
Role of unresolved conflicts
What defines a crisis according to the text?
A sudden event in one's life that requires usual coping mechanisms.
What is a key characteristic of a crisis?
It disturbs homeostasis.
How are crises different from chronic situations according to the text?
Crises are resolved quickly, while chronic situations last indefinitely.
What happens when previous problem-solving techniques fail in a crisis?
Anxiety further increases.
In which phase of crisis development are all possible resources called on to resolve the problem?
Phase 3
What happens if resolution does not occur in the earlier phases of crisis development?
'Tension mounts beyond a further threshold.'
What is the minimum therapeutic goal of crisis intervention?
Psychological resolution of the individual’s immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed before the crisis period
During which phase of crisis intervention is information gathered about the precipitating stressor and resulting crisis?
Phase 1: Assessment
In crisis intervention, what happens during the Planning phase?
Selecting appropriate nursing diagnoses reflecting the immediacy of the crisis situation
What role may nurses play in crisis intervention according to the text?
Crisis helpers in any setting committed to nursing practice
How can a crisis be potentially diverted according to the text?
By drawing on past successful coping strategies
What should be taken into consideration when selecting appropriate nursing actions in crisis intervention?
The type of crisis and individual's strengths and available resources for support
Study Notes
Aggression Management
- Aggression can be identified by a cluster of characteristics, including:
- Pacing
- Restlessness
- Verbal/physical threats
- Threats of homicide or suicide
- Loud voice
- Argumentative
- Tense facial expression and body language
Assessing Risk Factors
- Three factors are important considerations in identifying the extent of risks:
- Past history of violence
- Client diagnosis
- Current behaviors
Managing Aggressive Behavior
- Prevention is the key issue in managing aggressive or violent behavior
Crisis Intervention
- The minimum therapeutic goal of crisis intervention is psychological resolution of the individual's immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed before the crisis period
- Phase 1: Assessment - gather information regarding the precipitating stressor and the resulting crisis
- Phase 2: Planning - select appropriate nursing diagnoses, establish desired outcome criteria, and select appropriate nursing actions
- Phase 3: Intervention - implement the actions identified in the planning phase, using a reality-oriented approach
Disaster Nursing
- Disasters leave victims with a damaged sense of safety and well-being and varying amounts of emotional trauma
- Common behavioral responses to disasters include:
- Anger
- Disbelief
- Sadness
- Anxiety
- Fear
- Sleep disturbances
- Increased use of alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco
- Children may experience:
- Separation anxiety
- Nightmares
- Problems with concentrating
- Nursing diagnoses and outcomes for disaster nursing include:
- Risk for injury
- Risk for infection
- Anxiety (panic)
- Fear
- Spiritual distress
- Risk for post-trauma syndrome
- Ineffective community coping
Crisis Types
- Crisis resulting from traumatic stress: precipitated by an unexpected, external stressor over which the individual has little or no control
- Maturational/developmental crisis: occurs in response to a situation that triggers emotions related to unresolved conflicts in one's life
- Crisis reflecting psychopathology: an emotional crisis in which preexisting psychopathology has been instrumental in precipitating the crisis
- Psychiatric emergency: a crisis situation in which general functioning has been severely impaired and the individual is rendered incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility
Crisis Definition and Characteristics
- Crisis is defined as a sudden event in one's life that disturbs homeostasis and cannot be resolved by usual coping mechanisms
- Crisis occurs in all individuals at one time or another and is not necessarily equated with psychopathology
- Crises are precipitated by specific identifiable events, are personal by nature, and are acute, not chronic
- A crisis situation contains the potential for psychological growth or deterioration
Test your knowledge on crisis intervention with this quiz covering topics like defining crisis, characteristics of crisis, and problem solving during crisis. This quiz is based on Chapter 9 of the book 'Crisis Intervention'.
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