Questions and Answers
What group of people lived in the eastern 2/3 of Sicily and influenced Roman culture?
Greeks in Italy
What was the role of the Etruscans in Roman history?
Urban people in Northern Italy
Who are the twin brothers credited with founding Rome?
Romulus and Remus
What term refers to supreme authority in the Roman Republic?
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What were the names of the two officials appointed each year to supervise the government and command armies in the Roman Republic?
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What official was in charge of enforcing civil law in the Roman Republic?
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What is a proconsul?
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What is the role of a dictator in the Roman Republic?
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What did quaestors oversee in the Roman Republic?
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Who supervised public games and the grain supply of the city?
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What was the Roman Senate?
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What is the centuriate assembly?
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Who are the paterfamilias?
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What is the definition of patricians in Roman society?
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Who were the plebeians?
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What power did the tribunes of the plebes have?
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What is the council of the plebs?
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What does plebiscita mean?
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What are the Twelve Tables?
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What was the First Punic War?
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Who commanded the Carthaginian army in the Second Punic War?
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What characterized the Second Punic War?
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Which gods did Romans adopt into their religion?
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What is the role of a pontiff?
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Who is the pontifex maximus?
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What were augurs responsible for?
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What is rhetoric in the context of Roman education?
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Who was Spartacus?
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What is 'cum manu' in terms of Roman marriage?
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What does 'sine manu' refer to?
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What is civil law in ancient Rome?
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Who was Plautus?
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Who was Terence?
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Study Notes
Greeks in Italy
- Settled in the eastern two-thirds of Sicily and southern Italy.
- Influenced Roman culture by introducing the alphabet, culinary practices, and artistic elements.
Etruscans
- Urban civilization located in Northern Italy.
- Contributed the alphabet and "Roman numerals" to Romans.
Romulus and Remus
- Twin brothers credited with the founding of Rome.
Imperium
- Denotes supreme authority within the Roman Republic, embodying "the right to command."
Consuls
- Two officials appointed annually, one from the patrician class and the other from the plebeians.
- Responsible for government supervision and military command.
Praetor
- Official tasked with enforcing civil law in the Roman Republic.
Proconsul
- An ex-consul appointed to govern newly conquered territories.
Propraetor
- An ex-praetor designated to administer governance in new conquests.
Dictator
- In crises, consuls could appoint a dictator for decisive leadership, typically serving a six-month term.
Quaestors
- Financial and record-keeping officials comparable to modern treasurers.
Aediles
- Oversaw public games and monitored the grain supply in Rome.
Roman Senate
- Comprised heads of wealthy, landowning families, originally an advisory body that evolved to govern the state and its empire.
Centuriate Assembly
- A political organization representing the entire Roman army.
Paterfamilias
- The male head of a family in Roman society.
Patricians
- The elite class in Rome, primarily landowners with significant wealth and power.
Plebeians
- The working lower class, predominantly small farmers with limited political power.
Tribunes of the Plebes
- Officials elected by the plebs to protect their interests, wielding veto power against patrician magistrates.
Council of the Plebs
- An assembly exclusive to plebeians formed due to class struggles; later gained legislative authority.
Plebiscita
- Measures passed by the tribunes and the council, reflecting the will of the plebs.
Twelve Tables
- The first codification of Roman law, establishing rights and liabilities.
First Punic War
- Conflict between Carthage and Rome over the strategic control of Sicily.
Hannibal
- Notable general of the Carthaginian army during the Second Punic War.
Second Punic War
- Hannibal launched a surprise attack on Rome, crossing Gaul with 60,000 troops and elephants; he ravaged the region for 15 years until Rome countered by sending General Scipio to attack Carthage.
Roman Religion
- Derived from Greek and other cultures, emphasizing rituals and sacrifices to appease various deities.
Pontiffs
- Priests responsible for overseeing public worship and determining auspicious days.
Pontifex Maximus
- The chief priest of Rome, responsible for the supervision of the Vestal Virgins and other religious functions.
Augurs
- Priests specializing in interpreting omens and natural phenomena attributed to divine forces.
Rhetoric
- The study of effective language use, primarily in public speaking, central to Roman education.
Spartacus
- Led a significant slave revolt against Rome; ultimately defeated by Crassus, with 6,000 followers executed by crucifixion.
Cum Manu
- A type of marriage in which the bride became part of her husband's family, losing her ties to her own family.
Sine Manu
- A marriage arrangement where the wife remained legally connected to her own family, not fully transferring to her husband's lineage.
Civil Law
- The legal framework governing ancient Rome.
Plautus
- A playwright known for incorporating themes of drunkenness, gluttony, and womanizing in his works to engage Roman audiences.
Terence
- A Roman comic playwright of Carthaginian origin, educated and freed, noted for his refined plays.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 5 about The Roman Republic. This quiz covers important figures and terms like Romulus and Remus, Greeks in Italy, and more. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of ancient Roman history.
