Chapter 4: Cryptography, Access Control, and Obscuring Data
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Questions and Answers

What is the science of making and breaking secret codes called?

  • Cybersecurity
  • Algorithmia
  • Cryptography (correct)
  • Steganography

In which circles did the history of cryptography start according to the text?

  • Scientific circles
  • Diplomatic circles (correct)
  • Educational circles
  • Military circles

What is a series of well-defined steps used to encrypt and decrypt messages called?

  • Protocol
  • Firewall
  • Keychain
  • Cipher (correct)

What is the concept used to store and transmit data so only the intended recipient can read it?

<p>Cryptography (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before diplomatic circles, where did the history of cryptography have its origins?

<p>Military communications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used in modern cryptography to make sure cyber criminals cannot easily compromise protected information?

<p>Complex algorithms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

<p>Symmetric encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, while asymmetric encryption uses different keys. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of encryption system allows any person to encrypt a message using the receiver's public key?

<p>Public-key encryption system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which encryption method uses a pre-shared key for encrypting and decrypting data?

<p>Symmetric encryption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In asymmetric encryption, which key is kept private?

<p>Private key (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of symmetric algorithms compared to asymmetric algorithms?

<p>Symmetric algorithms use the same key for both encryption and decryption. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do parties exchange secure messages in a public-key encryption system?

<p>By using the public key of the receiver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which encryption standard uses a 64-bit block size and a 56-bit key?

<p>3DES (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many rounds of transformations does IDEA perform on each block?

<p>Eight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which encryption algorithm was the replacement for DES?

<p>IDEA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AES stand for?

<p>Advanced Encryption Standard (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In asymmetric encryption, how many keys are used for encryption and decryption?

<p>Two different keys for encryption and decryption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which encryption standard is used by the U.S. government to protect classified information?

<p>AES (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a VPN?

<p>To create a secure communication channel over a public network (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol suite is specifically designed to provide secure services over networks?

<p>IPsec (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does IPsec provide for remote sites in terms of data exchange?

<p>Encrypted and verified information exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is data in use a growing concern for organizations?

<p>Because users need to open and change the data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of physical access controls?

<p>To prevent unauthorized users from gaining physical access to facilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of controls aim to prevent direct contact with systems?

<p>Physical Access Controls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of access control restricts the actions that a subject can perform on an object?

<p>Mandatory access control (MAC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of access control grants or restricts object access determined by the object's owner?

<p>Discretionary access control (DAC) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In role-based access control (RBAC), what are roles based on?

<p>Job functions within an organization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do administrative access controls focus on?

<p>Personnel and business practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of access control uses tools and protocols for identification, authentication, authorization, and accountability?

<p>Logical Access Controls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of access controls does discretionary access control (DAC) emphasize?

<p>Object owner's permissions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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