Chapter 4: Cryptography, Access Control, and Obscuring Data
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Questions and Answers

What is the science of making and breaking secret codes called?

  • Cybersecurity
  • Algorithmia
  • Cryptography (correct)
  • Steganography
  • In which circles did the history of cryptography start according to the text?

  • Scientific circles
  • Diplomatic circles (correct)
  • Educational circles
  • Military circles
  • What is a series of well-defined steps used to encrypt and decrypt messages called?

  • Protocol
  • Firewall
  • Keychain
  • Cipher (correct)
  • What is the concept used to store and transmit data so only the intended recipient can read it?

    <p>Cryptography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before diplomatic circles, where did the history of cryptography have its origins?

    <p>Military communications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used in modern cryptography to make sure cyber criminals cannot easily compromise protected information?

    <p>Complex algorithms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

    <p>Symmetric encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, while asymmetric encryption uses different keys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of encryption system allows any person to encrypt a message using the receiver's public key?

    <p>Public-key encryption system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which encryption method uses a pre-shared key for encrypting and decrypting data?

    <p>Symmetric encryption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In asymmetric encryption, which key is kept private?

    <p>Private key</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of symmetric algorithms compared to asymmetric algorithms?

    <p>Symmetric algorithms use the same key for both encryption and decryption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do parties exchange secure messages in a public-key encryption system?

    <p>By using the public key of the receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which encryption standard uses a 64-bit block size and a 56-bit key?

    <p>3DES</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many rounds of transformations does IDEA perform on each block?

    <p>Eight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which encryption algorithm was the replacement for DES?

    <p>IDEA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AES stand for?

    <p>Advanced Encryption Standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In asymmetric encryption, how many keys are used for encryption and decryption?

    <p>Two different keys for encryption and decryption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which encryption standard is used by the U.S. government to protect classified information?

    <p>AES</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a VPN?

    <p>To create a secure communication channel over a public network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol suite is specifically designed to provide secure services over networks?

    <p>IPsec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does IPsec provide for remote sites in terms of data exchange?

    <p>Encrypted and verified information exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is data in use a growing concern for organizations?

    <p>Because users need to open and change the data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of physical access controls?

    <p>To prevent unauthorized users from gaining physical access to facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of controls aim to prevent direct contact with systems?

    <p>Physical Access Controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of access control restricts the actions that a subject can perform on an object?

    <p>Mandatory access control (MAC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of access control grants or restricts object access determined by the object's owner?

    <p>Discretionary access control (DAC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In role-based access control (RBAC), what are roles based on?

    <p>Job functions within an organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do administrative access controls focus on?

    <p>Personnel and business practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of access control uses tools and protocols for identification, authentication, authorization, and accountability?

    <p>Logical Access Controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of access controls does discretionary access control (DAC) emphasize?

    <p>Object owner's permissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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