Chapter 3: Cells and Cell Theory

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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest unit of life that can function independently?

  • Tissue
  • Organelle
  • Cell (correct)
  • Macromolecule

Which type of microscope is less powerful than an electron microscope?

  • Confocal microscope
  • Scanning electron microscope
  • Fluorescence microscope
  • Light microscope (correct)

What does cell theory explain?

  • Diversity of organelles
  • Origin of multicellular organisms
  • Prevalence and commonalities of cells (correct)
  • Evolutionary relationships between cells

Which microscope is powerful in revealing details about cell surfaces?

<p>Scanning electron microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resolution of a light microscope?

<p>$200$ nm apart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microscope is effective for observing internal cell structures?

<p>Transmission electron microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of junction is used to fuse the membranes of adjacent animal cells together, preventing substances from flowing between the cells?

<p>Tight junction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle composition is responsible for determining a cell's specialized function?

<p>Organelle composition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is most likely to occur in an amoeba?

<p>Cytoskeleton (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of junction uses intermediate filaments to hold cells together?

<p>Anchoring junction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell tissue does not contain chloroplasts?

<p>Underground plant tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for connecting the cytoplasm of neighboring cells?

<p>Plasmodesma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two regions of a phospholipid?

<p>Hydrophobic and hydrophilic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of protein found in cell membranes?

<p>Ribosomal proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a lipid bilayer, what type of molecules are the membranes selectively permeable to?

<p>Lipids and small, nonpolar molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is cholesterol most likely to occur in animal cell membranes?

<p>Region X (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many features does a typical bacterial cell have out of DNA, cell wall, nucleus, ribosomes, and cell membrane?

<p>Three (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the combination of phospholipids and movable proteins in cell membranes?

<p>Fluid mosaic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>To store DNA and specify the &quot;recipe&quot; for proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do proteins synthesized at the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) get transported to?

<p>To the Golgi apparatus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>To process and package proteins for secretion or other cellular functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do proteins leave the cell once they have been processed by the Golgi apparatus?

<p>They are released from the cell membrane in vesicles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lysosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>To carry out cellular digestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle helps regulate the size and water balance of plant cells?

<p>Vacuoles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peroxisomes?

<p>Break down toxic substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are ribosomes located in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Both free in the cytoplasm and bound to the rough ER (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for extracting energy from food in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chloroplasts?

<p>Produce food for the cell using sunlight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these organelles are present in your skin cells?

<p>Mitochondria and ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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