Chapter 3: Cells and Cell Theory

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What is the smallest unit of life that can function independently?

Tissue

Organelle

Cell (correct)

Macromolecule

Which type of microscope is less powerful than an electron microscope?

Confocal microscope

Scanning electron microscope

Fluorescence microscope

Light microscope (correct)

What does cell theory explain?

Diversity of organelles

Origin of multicellular organisms

Prevalence and commonalities of cells (correct)

Evolutionary relationships between cells

Which microscope is powerful in revealing details about cell surfaces?

Scanning electron microscope Signup and view all the answers

What is the resolution of a light microscope?

$200$ nm apart Signup and view all the answers

Which microscope is effective for observing internal cell structures?

Transmission electron microscope Signup and view all the answers

Which type of junction is used to fuse the membranes of adjacent animal cells together, preventing substances from flowing between the cells?

Tight junction Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle composition is responsible for determining a cell's specialized function?

Organelle composition Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is most likely to occur in an amoeba?

Cytoskeleton Signup and view all the answers

Which type of junction uses intermediate filaments to hold cells together?

Anchoring junction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell tissue does not contain chloroplasts?

Underground plant tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for connecting the cytoplasm of neighboring cells?

Plasmodesma Signup and view all the answers

What are the two regions of a phospholipid?

Hydrophobic and hydrophilic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of protein found in cell membranes?

Ribosomal proteins Signup and view all the answers

In a lipid bilayer, what type of molecules are the membranes selectively permeable to?

Lipids and small, nonpolar molecules Signup and view all the answers

Where is cholesterol most likely to occur in animal cell membranes?

Region X Signup and view all the answers

How many features does a typical bacterial cell have out of DNA, cell wall, nucleus, ribosomes, and cell membrane?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the combination of phospholipids and movable proteins in cell membranes?

Fluid mosaic Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

To store DNA and specify the "recipe" for proteins Signup and view all the answers

Where do proteins synthesized at the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) get transported to?

To the Golgi apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a eukaryotic cell?

To process and package proteins for secretion or other cellular functions Signup and view all the answers

How do proteins leave the cell once they have been processed by the Golgi apparatus?

They are released from the cell membrane in vesicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lysosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

To carry out cellular digestion Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle helps regulate the size and water balance of plant cells?

Vacuoles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peroxisomes?

Break down toxic substances Signup and view all the answers

Where are ribosomes located in eukaryotic cells?

Both free in the cytoplasm and bound to the rough ER Signup and view all the answers