17 Questions
How can aldehydes be prepared?
Oxidize primary alcohols using pyridinium chlorochromate
What reagent can be used to reduce an ester to form an aldehyde?
diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAH)
How can ketones be prepared?
Oxidize a 2° alcohol
What does the ozonolysis of alkenes yield if one of the unsaturated carbon atoms is disubstituted?
Ketones
What functional group is used as a substituent with the suffix -yl?
Acyl group (R-C=O)
What is the prefix used when a ketone has other functional groups present?
oxo-
What is the product of the Wolff-Kishner reaction when treating an aldehyde or ketone with hydrazine and KOH?
Alkane
How do Grignard reagents typically react due to the strong polarization of the carbon-magnesium bond?
As R : - MgX +
What type of compounds can be used to characterize liquid ketones or aldehydes by their melting points?
Imines and hydrazones
What is formed when amines add to C=O, resulting in R2C=NR (after loss of HOH)?
Imines
What is the product of the Cannizzaro reaction involving an aldehyde and OH-?
Simultaneous oxidation and reduction (disproportionation)
What type of compounds are formed when two equivalents of ROH add to C=O in the presence of an acid catalyst?
Acetals (R2C(OR')2)
What reagent can efficiently oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids?
CrO3 in aqueous acid
Which reagent, known as Tollens' reagent, can oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids and metallic silver?
Silver oxide, Ag2O, in aqueous ammonia
What happens when ketones undergo slow cleavage with hot, alkaline KMnO4?
C–C bond next to C=O is broken to give carboxylic acids
In what type of ketones is the reaction practical for cleaving symmetrical ketones?
symmetrical ketones
What kind of intermediate is produced in nucleophilic addition reactions of aldehydes and ketones?
tetrahedral alkoxide ion intermediate
Test your knowledge on the characteristics, naming, and applications of aldehydes and ketones in the field of carbonyl chemistry. Learn about the functional group (C=O), their occurrence in nature, and their use in various industries.
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