18 Questions
What is the result of oxidizing a primary alcohol with KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, or Na2Cr2O7?
Formation of a carboxylic acid
What is the functional group responsible for the characteristic chemical behavior of carboxylic acids?
Carboxyl group (-COOH)
What is the product of the reduction of a carboxylic acid?
A primary alcohol
What is the reaction in which alpha-hydrogen atoms are replaced by Cl or Br?
Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction
What is the IUPAC naming convention for aldehydes?
Replace the –e of the corresponding alkane by –al
What are the four important classes of acid derivatives formed by replacing the hydroxyl group?
Esters, amides, anhydrides, and acid chlorides
What is the primary difference between the oxidation of aldehydes and ketones?
The hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon is abstracted during oxidation of aldehydes.
What is the product of the reduction of aldehydes to alcohols?
Primary alcohols
What is the physical state of aldehydes at ordinary conditions?
Aldehydes can be either solid, liquid or gas depending on molecular mass
What is the condition for further halogenation to occur in the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction?
After the full replacement of alpha-hydrogen atoms
What is the reaction that involves the formation of haloforms, such as chloroform, bromoform, and iodoform?
Haloform reaction
What happens to the solubility of aldehydes as the number of carbon atoms increases?
Solubility decreases
What is the characteristic of aldehydes with lower molecular mass?
Sharp odor
What is the product of the reduction of ketones to alcohols?
Secondary alcohols
What is the common oxidation reaction of aldehydes?
Oxidation to carboxylic acids
What is the result of the oxidation of ketones?
A mixture of carboxylic acids is formed
What is the reaction that involves the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to hydrocarbons?
Clemmensen reduction
Why must aldehydes be protected from air?
To prevent oxidation to carboxylic acids
This quiz explores the differences in oxidation reactions between aldehydes and ketones, including the role of structure and the conditions required for oxidation.
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