Chapter 28: The Central Nervous System

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Questions and Answers

What is a common characteristic of leukodystrophies?

  • Typically present in older adults
  • Insidious and progressive loss of cerebral function (correct)
  • Associated with asymmetric changes on imaging studies
  • Sudden loss of cerebral function

What is the main difference between leukodystrophies and demyelinating diseases?

  • Leukodystrophies typically present at older ages
  • Demyelinating diseases are associated with symmetric changes on imaging studies
  • Leukodystrophies are caused by single enzyme defects
  • Leukodystrophies are associated with diffuse and symmetric changes on imaging studies (correct)

What is the genetic pattern of inheritance for Krabbe disease?

  • Mitochondrial inheritance
  • Autosomal dominant
  • X-linked recessive
  • Autosomal recessive (correct)

What is the enzyme deficiency in Krabbe disease?

<p>Galactocerebroside β-galactosidase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the substrate for the deficient enzyme in Krabbe disease?

<p>Galactocerebroside (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the catabolism of galactocerebroside in normal individuals?

<p>Galactose and ceramide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath?

<p>Insulation and conduction of nerve impulses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for diseases characterized by damage to the myelin sheath?

<p>Demyelinating diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of myelin in the central nervous system?

<p>Myelin is necessary for normal brain function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of leukodystrophies on imaging studies?

<p>Diffuse and symmetric changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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