38 Questions
What is the role of anticoagulants?
Prevent clot formation and slow blood clotting
What are the two types of Heparin mentioned in the text?
Unfractionated and Low Molecular weight
Which drug is used to break down (lyse) existing clots?
Thrombolytic drugs
What is the purpose of Antiplatelets?
Prevent platelet plugs
Why do we need to frequently draw aPTT for a patient on unfractionated heparin?
To monitor for bleeding
What is the antidote for Heparin?
IV protamine sulfate
Which of the following is a side effect of warfarin use?
Petechiae
What is the treatment for Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Lepirudin and Argatroban
What should be checked in patients with Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Platelet levels
What is the role of Aspirin in preventing platelet adhesion?
Prevents platelet adhesion
What is the purpose of bridge therapy mentioned in the text?
To ensure patients have adequate medication levels before going home without IV
What is the complication caused by Heparin that results in decreased platelets in the blood?
Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Match
Fibrinolytic system = initiates the breakdown of clots Hemophiliacs = At high risk of bleeding to death Warfarin = Possible uncontrollable internal bleeding from falls or minor trauma. Antifibrinolytic = promote blood coagulation
Unfractunated Heparin = Derived from porcine and given via IV or subcutaneously Low Molecular Weight Heparin = Synthetic and given only subcutaneously Type 1 HIT = You will see a gradual reduction in platelets and can continue heparin therapy Type 2 HIT = You will see a drop of 50%+ in platelets and must discontinue the heparin
The antidote to Warfarin
Vitamin K
To monitor Vitamin K level we need to run
INR labs
With Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) , make sure you monitor aPTT frequently.
False
Two LMHW heparins are Enoxaparin/Lovenox and Dalteparin/Fragmin.
True
Patients taking warfarin need to be education on safe administration, bleeding management and prevention, and when to contact their doctor.
True
What is the antidote for dabigatran and how does it work?
Idarucizumab/Praxbind, which reverses the anticoagulant effects of dabigatran
When giving vitamin K, what is the risk associated with its intravenous administration?
Anaphylaxis
In the context of anticoagulant medications, what is the purpose of bridge therapy?
To start anticoagulation and allow time for warfarin to reach adequate levels
What is the normal INR without warfarin, and how does it change with warfarin?
Normal INR is 1.0 without warfarin, which ranges from 2 to 3.5 with warfarin
What is the antidote for dabigatran?
Idarucizumab/Praxbind
Which medication is commonly prescribed as an oral anticoagulant and requires monitoring of PT/INR?
Rivaroxaban/Xarelto
Which medication should not be given for at least 6-8 hours after surgery, as per the text?
Fondaparinux/Arixtra
What is the recommended route of administration for Argatroban?
Intravenous infusion
What should be checked in patients with Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Platelet count and function
What is the purpose of Antiplatelet medications mentioned in the text?
To prevent blood clotting in arteries
What is the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulant that requires measurement of PT/INR?
Warfarin
Which anticoagulation medication should not be given consistently with a patient's intake of vitamin K and should be avoided with grapefruit or cranberry juice?
Warfarin
What is the recommended route of administration for Heparin when used therapeutically?
Continuous IV infusion
Which drug is an oral thrombin inhibitor and its dose is dependent on renal function?
Dabigatran/Pradaxa
What is the antifibrinolytic drug given immediately after symptoms of a MI or Stroke?
Alteplace/Activase
What is the recommended action when two anticoagulation medications are ordered, as per the text?
Always question the order unless for bridge therapy
Why should Enoxaparin/Lovenox be administered without expelling air bubbles from the prefilled syringe, according to the text?
To ensure accurate dosage delivery
When giving Vitamin K, Warfarin resistance will occur for up to ____ days.
7
Three antiplatelet medications are Aspirin, Plavix, Integrilin
True
Test your knowledge of the fibrinolytic system, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, hemorheologic drugs and thrombolytic drugs. Learn about medications that slow blood clotting, prevent clot formation and keep platelets from sticking together.
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