Podcast
Questions and Answers
The immune system protects the body from disease causing __________________ viruses, and _______________________.
The immune system protects the body from disease causing __________________ viruses, and _______________________.
The immune system protects the body from disease-causing __________________ viruses and _______________________.
The immune system protects the body from disease-causing __________________ viruses and _______________________.
bacteria, viruses
___________________ immunity is present at birth; _______________ immunity is acquired by the body.
___________________ immunity is present at birth; _______________ immunity is acquired by the body.
Nonspecific, specific
In _____________ immunity, the body manufactures antibodies as a response to a foreign substance; active immunity is also acquired by a _________________.
In _____________ immunity, the body manufactures antibodies as a response to a foreign substance; active immunity is also acquired by a _________________.
Signup and view all the answers
With __________________ passive immunity, a person is given the antibodies needed to defend against the antigen.
With __________________ passive immunity, a person is given the antibodies needed to defend against the antigen.
Signup and view all the answers
The lymphatic system is composed of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph_____________, the spleen, and the ____________________ gland.
The lymphatic system is composed of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph_____________, the spleen, and the ____________________ gland.
Signup and view all the answers
The clear yellowish fluid that moves into the lymph system and carries disease-fighting cells, lymphocytes, is called____________________.
The clear yellowish fluid that moves into the lymph system and carries disease-fighting cells, lymphocytes, is called____________________.
Signup and view all the answers
A main function of the spleen is to serve as a storage shed for _______________________
A main function of the spleen is to serve as a storage shed for _______________________
Signup and view all the answers
Infections may increase with age.
Infections may increase with age.
Signup and view all the answers
Vaccines are just as effective for older people as they are for younger people.
Vaccines are just as effective for older people as they are for younger people.
Signup and view all the answers
Antibody response speeds up with age.
Antibody response speeds up with age.
Signup and view all the answers
T-cells decrease in number as a person gets older.
T-cells decrease in number as a person gets older.
Signup and view all the answers
How does HIV harm the body?
How does HIV harm the body?
Signup and view all the answers
List three common methods of HIV transmission.
List three common methods of HIV transmission.
Signup and view all the answers
List four common misconceptions about HIV transmission.
List four common misconceptions about HIV transmission.
Signup and view all the answers
What is an opportunistic infection?
What is an opportunistic infection?
Signup and view all the answers
How should the nursing assistant respond to a resident worried about contracting AIDS through touch?
How should the nursing assistant respond to a resident worried about contracting AIDS through touch?
Signup and view all the answers
Care for residents who have HIV or AIDS should focus on
Care for residents who have HIV or AIDS should focus on
Signup and view all the answers
Confidentiality is especially important to people with HIV/AIDS because
Confidentiality is especially important to people with HIV/AIDS because
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a guideline for preventing infection in residents with HIV?
Which of the following is a guideline for preventing infection in residents with HIV?
Signup and view all the answers
If a resident with AIDS has a poor appetite and is losing weight, the nursing assistant should
If a resident with AIDS has a poor appetite and is losing weight, the nursing assistant should
Signup and view all the answers
Which is true of special diets for residents with AIDS?
Which is true of special diets for residents with AIDS?
Signup and view all the answers
Someone who has nausea and vomiting may need to
Someone who has nausea and vomiting may need to
Signup and view all the answers
The BRAT diet is helpful for
The BRAT diet is helpful for
Signup and view all the answers
Fluids are important for residents who have diarrhea because
Fluids are important for residents who have diarrhea because
Signup and view all the answers
Non-cancerous is referred to as _____________.
Non-cancerous is referred to as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
The removal of a small piece of tissue for examination is called a _____________.
The removal of a small piece of tissue for examination is called a _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Cancer is a general term used to describe a disease in which _____________.
Cancer is a general term used to describe a disease in which _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Chemical agents or medications are administered to kill malignant cells and tissues in _____________.
Chemical agents or medications are administered to kill malignant cells and tissues in _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Can be affected when tumors rely on specific hormones to survive and grow is called _____________.
Can be affected when tumors rely on specific hormones to survive and grow is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Cancer vaccines are one form of _____________.
Cancer vaccines are one form of _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Cancerous is referred to as _____________.
Cancerous is referred to as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
To spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body is known as _____________.
To spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body is known as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
The branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of cancer is _____________.
The branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of cancer is _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Type of care that works to relieve symptoms and reduce pain and suffering is called _____________.
Type of care that works to relieve symptoms and reduce pain and suffering is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Uses high energy rays to attempt to destroy cancer cells in a specific area is known as _____________.
Uses high energy rays to attempt to destroy cancer cells in a specific area is known as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
The disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer or other diseases can be described as _____________.
The disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer or other diseases can be described as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
The goal of surgery for cancer is to _____________.
The goal of surgery for cancer is to _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
A group of abnormally growing cells is referred to as a _____________.
A group of abnormally growing cells is referred to as a _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it important to prevent infection from occurring in cancer residents?
Why is it important to prevent infection from occurring in cancer residents?
Signup and view all the answers
The final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system, is called _____________.
The final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system, is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
A disease in which the body is unable to recognize its own tissue and begins to attack these tissues is called _____________.
A disease in which the body is unable to recognize its own tissue and begins to attack these tissues is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Fear of homosexuality or fear of appearing homosexual is called _____________.
Fear of homosexuality or fear of appearing homosexual is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
A virus that attacks the body's immune system and gradually disables it, eventually can cause AIDS, is known as _____________.
A virus that attacks the body's immune system and gradually disables it, eventually can cause AIDS, is known as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
A type of severe pain that happens unexpectedly in people who have cancer is called _____________.
A type of severe pain that happens unexpectedly in people who have cancer is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
An illness caused by microorganisms that do not affect people with healthy immune systems but cause disease in people with weakened immune systems is called _____________.
An illness caused by microorganisms that do not affect people with healthy immune systems but cause disease in people with weakened immune systems is called _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
A group of abnormally growing cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably is known as _____________.
A group of abnormally growing cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably is known as _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
The Immune System
- Protects the body against disease-causing microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses.
- Contains both nonspecific immunity (present at birth) and specific immunity (acquired).
Types of Immunity
- Active immunity: Body produces antibodies in response to foreign substances; can also be developed through vaccination.
- Passive immunity: Person receives antibodies from another source for immediate protection.
The Lymphatic System
- Composed of lymph (clear fluid with disease-fighting cells), lymph vessels, nodes, the spleen, and the thymus gland.
- Main function of the spleen: storage of blood.
HIV/AIDS
- HIV specifically harms the immune system, weakening and disabling its cells.
- Transmission methods include unprotected sexual contact and having multiple partners.
- Misconceptions about HIV: cannot be contracted through casual contact, air, water, or food.
Opportunistic Infections
- These illnesses affect individuals with weakened immune systems but do not typically harm those with healthy immunity.
- Care for patients with HIV/AIDS aims to relieve symptoms and prevent infections.
Special Care Requirements for HIV/AIDS
- Confidentiality is crucial due to societal stigma.
- Personal items should not be shared to prevent infection.
- Residents may require special diets that are low in acidity.
Nutrition for Patients with AIDS
- Individuals with nausea and vomiting should eat small, frequent meals.
- The BRAT diet is helpful for managing diarrhea, which causes fluid loss.
Cancer Overview
- Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells and can be termed malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous).
- Biopsies involve removing tissue samples for examination.
Cancer Treatments
- Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill malignant cells.
- Radiation therapy employs high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells.
- Hormone therapy can be effective when tumors rely on hormones to grow.
- Immunotherapy includes cancer vaccines to stimulate the immune response.
Cancer Care Principles
- Palliative care focuses on symptom relief and pain management.
- Surgery aims to remove cancerous tissues and tumors.
- Remission indicates the disappearance of cancer symptoms, either temporarily or permanently.
Additional Concepts
- Autoimmune disease: Body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues.
- Breakthrough pain: Severe, unexpected pain in cancer patients reflecting the disease's complexity.
- Homophobia: Fear or discrimination against individuals based on sexual orientation.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 24 focusing on the immune and lymphatic systems, as well as cancer. This flashcard quiz will cover key terms and concepts essential for understanding how the body defends itself against diseases. Review important definitions and different types of immunity to enhance your understanding.
