Questions and Answers
A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
A young male was shot in the abdomen. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should:
An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost.
Bleeding from the nose following head trauma:
Signup and view all the answers
Blood stasis, changes in the vessel wall, and certain medications affect the:
Signup and view all the answers
Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' oxygen, nutritional, and waste-removal needs is termed _______.
Signup and view all the answers
During transport of a 40-year-old female with acute abdominal pain, you note that she has stopped talking to you and has become extremely diaphoretic. You should:
Signup and view all the answers
Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include:
Signup and view all the answers
Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of left upper quadrant abdominal pain with referred pain to the left shoulder. You should be MOST suspicious of injury to the:
Signup and view all the answers
Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
Signup and view all the answers
Hypoperfusion is another name for:
Signup and view all the answers
Hypovolemic shock occurs when:
Signup and view all the answers
If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should ________.
Signup and view all the answers
If direct pressure with a sterile dressing fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply:
Signup and view all the answers
In which of the following situations would external bleeding be the MOST difficult to control?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Blood Loss and Shock
- A fractured femur can result in the loss of approximately 1 L of blood into the thigh’s soft tissues.
- An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL can show signs of shock after losing just 100 mL of blood.
- Hypoperfusion refers to inadequate blood circulation, synonymous with shock.
Assessment and Intervention
- For a patient shot in the abdomen, while controlling external bleeding, assist with ventilations if the patient shows shallow breathing and is semiconscious.
- In cases of severe abdominal pain during transport, repeat the primary assessment if the patient becomes diaphoretic and stops conversing.
- Early indications of intra-abdominal bleeding include pain and distention.
Specific Injuries
- Bleeding from the nose post-head trauma suggests a skull fracture and should not be stopped.
- Injury to the spleen is suspected if a patient presents with left upper quadrant pain and shoulder referred pain after blunt abdominal trauma.
- Gastrointestinal bleeding is suspected if a patient exhibits hematemesis (vomiting blood).
Clotting and Coagulation
- Blood stasis, vessel wall changes, and certain medications impair the blood’s ability to clot effectively.
- Applying direct pressure with a sterile dressing is the first step to control bleeding, covering the entire wound with the dressing.
Bleeding Control Techniques
- If direct pressure does not stop severe bleeding from an extremity, apply a tourniquet proximal to the injury.
- External bleeding from a femoral artery laceration is especially difficult to manage, with a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg complicating control.
Hypovolemic Shock
- Hypovolemic shock occurs when the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss, particularly significant when more than 10% of total blood volume is lost.
- Indications of hypoperfusion and shock include low blood pressure and signs of tissue inadequacy such as cyanosis and hypoxemia.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on bleeding management with this quiz based on Chapter 23. It covers scenarios such as traumatic injuries and blood loss in emergency situations. Perfect for students studying emergency medicine and first aid.
