Chapter 2 - Salon Ecology Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is microbiology?

The study of small living organisms, such as bacteria.

What are bacteria?

Sometimes called 'germs' or 'microbes,' are one-celled microorganisms.

What is bacteriology?

The study of bacteria.

What are the 2 types of bacteria?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are saprophytes?

<p>Nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter and do not produce disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape do cocci bacteria have?

<p>Spherical (round)-shaped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 types of cocci?

<p>Staphylococci, streptococci, diplococci.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are bacilli?

<p>Bar- or rod-shaped bacterial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are spirilla?

<p>Spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the active stage of bacteria?

<p>Bacteria produce and grow rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the inactive stage signify for bacteria?

<p>Cells die or become inactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are flagella or cilia?

<p>Hair-like projections that allow bacteria to move.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are viruses?

<p>Sub-microscopic particles that cause diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disease is caused by the human hepatitis B virus?

<p>Highly infectious disease infecting the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AIDS stand for?

<p>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are external parasites?

<p>Organisms living on or obtaining nutrients from another organism called a host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are head lice transmitted?

<p>Directly from one person to another or by contact with infested articles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an infection?

<p>Occurs when disease-causing bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contagious disease?

<p>A disease that can be transmitted from one person to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are bloodborne pathogens?

<p>Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that carry through blood or body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a local infection?

<p>Located in a small, confined area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a general (or systemic) infection?

<p>Occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria to all parts of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are universal precautions?

<p>Disinfecting salon equipment and implements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is immunity?

<p>The ability of the body to destroy infectious agents that enter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is active immunity?

<p>Results when exposure to a disease organism triggers antibody production</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is passive immunity?

<p>Provided when a person is given antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does infection control describe?

<p>Efforts to prevent the spread of disease and kill microbes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does sanitation involve?

<p>Removing dirt and debris.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is disinfection?

<p>Destroying or killing bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are antiseptics?

<p>Substances that arrest or prevent the growth of microorganisms on the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sterilization?

<p>Destroying or killing all microbes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is bloodborne pathogen disinfection?

<p>Required for all tools and implements that have come in contact with blood or body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does OSHA stand for?

<p>Occupational Safety and Health Administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are MSDS?

<p>Material Safety Data Sheets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the EPA do?

<p>Approves the efficacy of products used for infection control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are broad-spectrum disinfectants?

<p>Disinfectants that kill bacteria, viruses, fungi, and pseudomonas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sanitation is the lowest level of:

<p>Infection control</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sterilization standards require the use of:

<p>Dry heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step after bleeding stops when performing first aid?

<p>Apply bandage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tools and instruments used to puncture or invade the skin must be sterilized or designed to be:

<p>Disposable</p> Signup and view all the answers

What service normally requires the use of sterilization procedures?

<p>Electrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a surface is free from dirt, oil, and/or microbes, it has been:

<p>Decontaminated</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another term that means the same as germ or bacteria is:

<p>Microbe</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacterial cells that are harmless and can even be beneficial to humans are called:

<p>Nonpathogenic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter are known as:

<p>Saprophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacterial cells that may be harmful to the body are called:

<p>Pathogenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pathogenic bacteria are responsible for all of the following EXCEPT:

<p>Benefiting the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does communicable disease refer to?

<p>A disease that spreads from one person to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pus-forming bacterial cells forming in long chains & causing blood-poisoning are called:

<p>Streptococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

As bacteria absorb food, each cell grows in size and divides, resulting in how many new cells?

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a source through which bacteria or viruses enter the body?

<p>Healthy skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

The common cold is caused by a(n):

<p>Filterable viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a disease caused by a virus?

<p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

All are contagious EXCEPT:

<p>Flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another name for head lice is:

<p>Pediculosis capitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

All implements must be thoroughly cleaned before:

<p>Immersion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can be transferred by all except:

<p>Holding hands</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from another organism are known as:

<p>External parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition does NOT occur during the inactive stage of bacterial growth?

<p>Harmed by heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between bacteria and disinfectants when bacteria are in the spore-forming stage?

<p>Bacteria are not harmed by disinfectants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which would be considered a universal precaution?

<p>Disinfecting salon equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Type of immunity that occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body?

<p>Active immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ability to destroy infectious agents that enter the body is:

<p>Immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is infection control divided into?

<p>Sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A product that can be applied to the skin to reduce microbes is called a(n):

<p>Antiseptic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Washing your hands is an example of:

<p>Sanitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viricidals are disinfectants used to kill:

<p>Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemical products used to destroy or kill bacteria and some viruses (except bacterial spores) are called:

<p>Disinfectants</p> Signup and view all the answers

A disinfectant is acceptable for use on:

<p>Tools and styling implements</p> Signup and view all the answers

Any implements that come in contact with the client during a service must be:

<p>Disinfected</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should towels/linens and combs and brushes used in the salon be disinfected?

<p>After each use</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is given to a product, along with the approval of efficacy on the label to ensure the product is safe and effective?

<p>EPA registration number</p> Signup and view all the answers

What step should you take after removing all hair from a brush during the disinfecting procedure?

<p>Wash brush with cold water and soap.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Disinfected implements should not be stored in what kind of container?

<p>Open</p> Signup and view all the answers

Always store disinfectants in containers that are:

<p>Labeled</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should the solution in disinfectant containers be changed?

<p>As recommended by manufacturer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does double-bagging refer to?

<p>When a blood spill occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition describes effective storage for a disinfectant?

<p>Cool, dry space</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Microbiology Fundamentals

  • Microbiology is the study of small living organisms, including bacteria.
  • Bacteria are one-celled microorganisms often referred to as 'germs' or 'microbes'.
  • Bacteriology specifically focuses on the study of bacteria.

Types of Bacteria

  • Nonpathogenic bacteria: Do not cause disease; make up approximately 70% of all bacteria and can be found on the skin.
  • Pathogenic bacteria: Cause diseases and infections.

Bacterial Forms

  • Cocci: Spherical-shaped bacteria; can exist independently or in groups.
    • Staphylococci: Form clusters; associated with abscesses and pustules.
    • Streptococci: Form long chains; can cause strep throat and other severe infections.
    • Diplococci: Found in pairs; responsible for infections like pneumonia.
  • Bacilli: Rod-shaped bacteria; frequently responsible for diseases like tetanus and tuberculosis.
  • Spirilla: Corkscrew-shaped bacteria; cause contagious diseases such as syphilis and cholera.

Bacterial Growth Stages

  • Active Stage: Bacteria multiply rapidly.
  • Inactive Stage: Bacteria become dormant or die.

Virus and Infection Definitions

  • Viruses: Sub-microscopic agents causing various diseases, notably the common cold.
  • Infection occurs when pathogenic organisms enter the body and multiply.

Disease Transmission

  • Contagious Diseases: Transmissible through direct contact or air.
  • Bloodborne Pathogens: Infectious agents transmitted via blood or bodily fluids.

Immune Response

  • Immunity: The body's ability to fight infectious agents.
    • Active Immunity: Developed when the immune system produces antibodies due to exposure to a disease.
    • Passive Immunity: Received from another source (e.g., antibodies from a mother).

Infection Control Practices

  • Infection control encompasses sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization.
  • Sanitation involves removing dirt and debris; disinfection kills bacteria and viruses; sterilization eliminates all microbes.

Regulatory Agencies and Guidelines

  • OSHA: Enforces workplace safety and health standards.
  • MSDS: Provides labeling and safety information on products.
  • EPA: Approves the effectiveness of infection control products.

Practical Application

  • Tools must be disinfected after use, especially those that come in contact with blood or body fluids.
  • All implements should be cleaned before immersion in disinfectants.
  • Handwashing is a critical component of sanitation practices.

Disinfection and Storage Guidelines

  • Use viricidals to specifically target viruses.
  • Disinfectants should never be stored in open containers and must always be labeled.
  • Change disinfectant solutions as recommended by the manufacturer.
  • Properly store disinfectants in a cool, dry place.

Emergency Procedures

  • In case of blood spills, "double-bagging" is necessary.
  • After bleeding stops during first aid, apply a bandage to the injury.

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Test your knowledge on essential microbiology concepts relevant to salon ecology with these flashcards. Explore definitions and distinctions between microbiology, bacteria, and bacteriology. Strengthen your understanding of infection control and first aid in a salon environment.

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