Chapter 2 Lesson 6: Anaerobic Energy Systems

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Questions and Answers

What are the characteristics of the anaerobic energy system?

Dominant under high intensity training and low duration.

What is the ATP PC System?

The system by which the body fuels 10 to 20 seconds of intense exercise using stored ATP and phosphocreatine.

What is the fuel source during ATP PC?

Phosphocreatine (Creatine-Phosphate).

What is Phosphocreatine?

A phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a reserve of high-energy phosphates. Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is controlled during ATP PC?

Creatine Kinase. Signup and view all the answers

What is Creatine Kinase?

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine using ATP to create phosphocreatine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of creatine?

To replenish ATP storage by donating a phosphate group to ADP. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to creatine after it is used?

Creatine Kinase rephosphorylates creatine to phosphocreatine. Signup and view all the answers

When is ATP gained?

ATP is gained aerobically by the process of anabolism. Signup and view all the answers

What is Glycolysis?

The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. Signup and view all the answers

What is Pyruvate?

The end product of glycolysis that can be converted into acetyl CoA. Signup and view all the answers

After Glycolysis, how much pyruvate is available?

There is a sufficient amount of pyruvate due to the splitting of the carbon chain. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pyruvate after glycolysis?

If O2 is available, aerobic oxidation occurs; if not, pyruvate builds up. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when substrates must be replenished if O2 is not available?

Fermentation occurs and lactate builds up. Signup and view all the answers

What is Fermentation?

A process that converts lactic acid back to harmless pyruvate when oxygen is introduced. Signup and view all the answers

What does fermentation produce?

Lactate formation and ATP. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Lactate formation = Produces H+ ions and involves ATP hydrolysis. Muscle acidosis = A metabolic acidosis due to the clearance issues of lactic acid. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anaerobic Energy Systems Overview

Dominates in high-intensity, low-duration exercise.
All energy systems function simultaneously, with anaerobic being predominant during intense efforts.

ATP PC System

Fuels intense exercise lasting 10 to 20 seconds.
Utilizes stored ATP and phosphocreatine to support muscle contractions.

Fuel Source in ATP PC

Phosphocreatine (Creatine-Phosphate) is the primary fuel source.

Phosphocreatine

A phosphorylated creatine molecule aiding in ATP recycling.
Essential for maintaining energy levels in skeletal muscle and the brain.

Creatine Kinase Enzyme

Controls the ATP PC system.
Catalyzes the reaction converting creatine and ATP into phosphocreatine and ADP; reversible for ATP production.

Function of Creatine

Acts as a phosphate reservoir.
Transferring phosphate to ADP helps replenish ATP stores after use.

Creatine Replenishment

After use, creatine is rephosphorylated to restore phosphocreatine.
The rephosphorylation process requires energy.

ATP Production

Gained aerobically through anabolic processes.

Glycolysis

Converts glucose (C6H12O6) into pyruvate.
Energy released is used to form ATP and NADH.

Pyruvate

End product of glycolysis, converted to acetyl coA in the presence of oxygen.
Anaerobic conditions lead to lactate production instead.

Pyruvate Availability

Significant amounts of pyruvate remain due to carbon chain splitting during glycolysis.

Post-Glycolysis Processes

With oxygen (O2): aerobic oxidation occurs.
Without oxygen (O2): glycolysis continues, leading to pyruvate accumulation.

Substrate Replenishment under Anaerobic Conditions

Fermentation occurs to replenish substrates, leading to lactate buildup.

Fermentation

Rapid breathing post-activity helps convert lactic acid back to pyruvate.
High lactate levels can cause muscle pain and fatigue.

Fermentation Byproducts

Produces lactate and ATP.

Lactate Formation

Lactate production generates H+ ions influencing ATP hydrolysis.
Aerobic conditions allow the body to buffer pH effectively to prevent muscle acidosis.

Muscle Acidosis

Result of inadequate clearance of lactic acid, leading to metabolic acidosis.
Lactate is typically cleared from the bloodstream by liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle.

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Description

This quiz focuses on anaerobic energy systems, specifically the characteristics and functions of the ATP PC system. It highlights how these systems operate during high-intensity training. Test your understanding of the principles and applications of anaerobic metabolism.