30 Questions
Which energy system accounts for 99% of energy production throughout your life?
Aerobic
Which energy system has the highest capacity/duration?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Which energy system has the lowest inertia?
Anaerobic alactic
Which energy system has the highest rate/power of ATP production?
Anaerobic alactic
Which energy system fatigues very quickly?
Anaerobic alactic
Which energy system has the slowest recovery time?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Which energy system uses glucose as its substrate?
Anaerobic lactic
Which energy system uses mostly carbs and fats, with some proteins, as its substrate?
Aerobic
Which energy system has a predominance depending on the workout?
Aerobic
Which energy system is always functioning?
Aerobic
Which system provides the majority of energy throughout your life?
Aerobic system
What type of exercise affects the anaerobic system?
Short high-intensity workout
What type of exercise affects the aerobic system?
Long duration with lower intensity
Which molecule acts as an energy buffer and helps maintain ATP levels?
Creatine
Which enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of PCr?
Creatine kinase
What is the end product of glycolysis?
Pyruvate
What is the main function of the creatine-phosphate shuttle?
To shuttle creatine and PCr between isoforms
What happens to PCr levels during exercise?
PCr levels decrease
What is the role of adenylate kinase in ATP production?
To convert ADP into ATP
What is the purpose of the shuttle system in ATP production?
To move big molecules like ATP across the cell
Which enzyme is responsible for converting pyruvate into lactate?
LDH5
Which fiber type is more predominant in slow twitch muscle fibers?
LDH2
Which fiber type is more predominant in fast twitch muscle fibers?
LDH4
What is the primary source of lactate production during muscle contraction?
Glycolysis
Which system is primarily used during anaerobiosis?
Lactic acid system
What is the primary method of lactate removal?
Oxidation
Which factor leads to increased lactate production in type 2 muscle fibers?
LDH isozymes
Which factor leads to decreased lactate production in type 1 muscle fibers?
Mitochondrial density
What is the approximate concentration of lactate in the blood?
1mM
Which enzyme is responsible for converting lactate into pyruvate?
LDH2
Study Notes
Energy Systems
- The aerobic system accounts for 99% of energy production throughout your life.
- The aerobic system has the highest capacity and duration.
- The ATP-PC system has the lowest inertia.
- The ATP-PC system has the highest rate/power of ATP production.
- The ATP-PC system fatigues very quickly.
- The ATP-PC system has the slowest recovery time.
Energy System Substrates
- The ATP-PC system uses phosphocreatine (PCr) as its substrate.
- The anaerobic glycolytic system uses glucose as its substrate.
- The oxidative system uses mostly carbs and fats, with some proteins, as its substrate.
Energy System Function
- The aerobic system is always functioning.
- The aerobic system provides the majority of energy throughout your life.
- The anaerobic system is affected by high-intensity, short-duration exercises.
- The aerobic system is affected by low-intensity, long-duration exercises.
Energy Buffer and ATP Production
- Creatine phosphate acts as an energy buffer and helps maintain ATP levels.
- The enzyme creatine kinase catalyzes the breakdown of PCr.
- The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.
- The main function of the creatine-phosphate shuttle is to rapidly replenish ATP.
ATP Production and Lactate
- PCr levels decrease during exercise.
- Adenylate kinase plays a role in ATP production by reversibly catalyzing the reaction of 2ADP to ATP and ADP.
- The purpose of the shuttle system is to rapidly replenish ATP during high-intensity exercises.
- The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is responsible for converting pyruvate into lactate.
- Type 1 muscle fibers are more predominant in slow twitch muscle fibers.
- Type 2 muscle fibers are more predominant in fast twitch muscle fibers.
- The primary source of lactate production during muscle contraction is the anaerobic glycolytic system.
Lactate Production and Removal
- The anaerobic system is primarily used during anaerobiosis.
- The primary method of lactate removal is through the oxidation of lactate in the heart, liver, and kidneys.
- Type 2 muscle fibers lead to increased lactate production due to their high glycolytic capacity.
- Type 1 muscle fibers lead to decreased lactate production due to their high oxidative capacity.
- The approximate concentration of lactate in the blood is 1-2 mmol/L.
- The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is responsible for converting lactate into pyruvate.
Test your knowledge on anaerobic and aerobic metabolism with this quiz. Learn about the different energy systems involved and how they are utilized during workouts. Discover the importance of switching between systems based on the type of exercise.
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