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Chapter 136 Erythrocyte Antigens and Antibodies

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Chapter 136 Erythrocyte Antigens and Antibodies

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason that ABO incompatibility rarely causes hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)?

IgM antibodies against A and B antigens do not cross the placenta. (correct)

ABO antigens are not expressed on the fetus's red blood cells.

H antigen is present on all erythrocytes.

ABO antibodies are not produced during pregnancy.

What is the primary reason why the D antigen is considered the most immunogenic after A and B antigens?

The location of the D antigen on the RBC membrane.

The shape of the D antigen.

Structural rigidity of the D antigen.

The number of epitopes present on the D antigen. (correct)

Why is RhD testing considered sufficient for most clinical purposes?

RhD status correlates with RhCE presence.

RhD is the most frequently encountered Rh antigen.

RhD is the only immunogenic Rh antigen.

RhD is the most important immunogenic antigen in the Rh system. (correct)

What is a key factor affecting the immunogenicity of an antigen?

Antigen size and shape. Signup and view all the answers

Why are RBCs from individuals homozygous for a specific allele more reactive to antibodies?

Increased number of epitopes present due to zygosity. Signup and view all the answers

What is one notable difference between ABO and Rh blood group systems in terms of immunogenicity?

Immunogenicity does not correlate with hemolytic potential in ABO system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of A and B transferases having only four amino acid differences in their catalytic domain?

Affects substrate specificity and antigen expression. Signup and view all the answers

Why is passive immunization against D recommended for mothers at risk during pregnancy?

'D' sensitization poses a risk to subsequent pregnancies. Signup and view all the answers

What defines an antithetical antigen?

Different alleles that lead to increased dosage effect Signup and view all the answers

Why are C, c, E, and e antigens considered less immunogenic?

The number of epitopes they present Signup and view all the answers