Chapter 136 Erythrocyte Antigens and Antibodies
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason that ABO incompatibility rarely causes hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)?

  • IgM antibodies against A and B antigens do not cross the placenta. (correct)
  • ABO antigens are not expressed on the fetus's red blood cells.
  • H antigen is present on all erythrocytes.
  • ABO antibodies are not produced during pregnancy.

What is the primary reason why the D antigen is considered the most immunogenic after A and B antigens?

  • The location of the D antigen on the RBC membrane.
  • The shape of the D antigen.
  • Structural rigidity of the D antigen.
  • The number of epitopes present on the D antigen. (correct)

Why is RhD testing considered sufficient for most clinical purposes?

  • RhD status correlates with RhCE presence.
  • RhD is the most frequently encountered Rh antigen.
  • RhD is the only immunogenic Rh antigen.
  • RhD is the most important immunogenic antigen in the Rh system. (correct)

What is a key factor affecting the immunogenicity of an antigen?

<p>Antigen size and shape. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are RBCs from individuals homozygous for a specific allele more reactive to antibodies?

<p>Increased number of epitopes present due to zygosity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one notable difference between ABO and Rh blood group systems in terms of immunogenicity?

<p>Immunogenicity does not correlate with hemolytic potential in ABO system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of A and B transferases having only four amino acid differences in their catalytic domain?

<p>Affects substrate specificity and antigen expression. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is passive immunization against D recommended for mothers at risk during pregnancy?

<p>'D' sensitization poses a risk to subsequent pregnancies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines an antithetical antigen?

<p>Different alleles that lead to increased dosage effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are C, c, E, and e antigens considered less immunogenic?

<p>The number of epitopes they present (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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