Blood Group Systems and Inheritance

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Questions and Answers

Which chromosomes are most blood group genes located on?

  • Both sex and autosomal chromosomes
  • Mitochondrial chromosomes
  • Sex chromosomes
  • Autosomal chromosomes (correct)

What type of inheritance do most blood group alleles demonstrate?

  • Codominance (correct)
  • Polygenic inheritance
  • Incomplete dominance
  • Epistasis

What is the result of paired chromosomes carrying the same silent allele?

  • Recessive phenotype
  • Null phenotype (correct)
  • Intermediate phenotype
  • Dominant phenotype

What can null phenotype RBCs be helpful for?

<p>Identifying high-prevalence antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do regulator or modifying genes necessarily have to be located at the same locus as the blood group genes they affect?

<p>No (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the naming conventions for blood group antigens?

<p>Antigen names are written in regular type without italics or underlining, while genes are written in italics or underlined. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the plus sign or minus sign written on the same line as an antigen indicate?

<p>The presence or absence of the antigen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When testing for both antithetical antigens, how are the results written?

<p>Both results are written within parentheses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a phenotype in the context of blood group antigens?

<p>The presence or absence of the antigen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have blood group antigens been named over the last century?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about blood group antigens?

<p>They are codominant and express corresponding antigens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a complex structure that carries more than one antigen?

<p>The S or s antigen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of regulator or modifying genes in blood group systems?

<p>They alter antigen expression and may segregate independently of the blood group genes they affect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are alloantibodies that detect blood group antigens produced?

<p>They are produced in response to exposure to nonself RBC antigens introduced by blood transfusion or pregnancy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene must be present for conversion to Leb?

<p>Se (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ISBT system number assigned to the Lewis blood group system?

<p>007 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individuals are mostly nonsecretors of ABH?

<p>Le(a+b–) RBCs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which population is the Le(a–b–) phenotype found more frequently among?

<p>Africans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues are Lewis antigens found on, apart from RBCs?

<p>Pancreas and stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme treatment can enhance the reactivity of Lewis antibodies?

<p>Ficin and papain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is responsible for the conversion of a precursor substance to Lea?

<p>Le (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Se gene in the conversion of a precursor substance to Leb?

<p>Encodes the secretor antigen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood group system was the Lewis system named after?

<p>Mourant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which population has the highest prevalence of the Le(a+b+) phenotype?

<p>Asians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tissues do Lewis antigens NOT express on?

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Lewis antibody is the most commonly encountered?

<p>Anti-Lea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do Lewis glycolipids become detectable in the plasma of newborns?

<p>10 days after birth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phenotype do individuals with lele genes exhibit throughout their lives?

<p>Le(a–b–) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antigen is expressed on all RBCs except those of the very rare p phenotype?

<p>Pk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phenotypes describes RBCs that react with anti-P1 and anti-P?

<p>P1+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phenotypes describes RBCs that do not react with anti-P1 but do react with anti-P?

<p>P2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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