Chapter 10 - Muscular System: Types and Properties of Muscle Tissue
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Questions and Answers

Which type of muscle tissue has the ability to contract and shorten?

  • Skeletal muscle (correct)
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Smooth muscle
  • All of the above

    • Which type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?

  • Smooth muscle
  • Cardiac muscle (correct)
  • Both cardiac and smooth muscle
  • Skeletal muscle

    • Which property of muscle tissue allows it to return to its original shape after being stretched?

  • Elasticity (correct)
  • Contractility
  • Extensibility
  • Excitability

    • Which skeletal muscle function is responsible for maintaining body posture?

    <p>Support and maintenance of posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic structural unit of skeletal muscle?

    <p>Muscle fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the epimysium?

    <p>To encase the muscle belly and anchor it to the tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a unique structure found in muscle fibers?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of myoglobin in muscle fibers?

    <p>To replace hemoglobin and increase affinity for oxygen at higher temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue layer separates individual muscles?

    <p>Deep fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the thick filaments (myosin) in skeletal muscle?

    <p>To generate the force for muscle contraction by interacting with the thin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle fibers?

    <p>To store and release calcium ions for muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures makes up the contractile unit of a myofibril?

    <p>Sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the regulatory proteins (troponin and tropomyosin) in the thin filaments?

    <p>They control the binding sites for myosin on the actin molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the $M$-line in the organization of the thick and thin filaments?

    <p>To anchor the myosin tails in the middle of the sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the $H$-zone in the sarcomere?

    <p>It is the area where only the thick filaments are present, with no overlap with the thin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates?

    <p>Each motor neuron innervates a group of muscle fibers, forming a motor unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the all-or-none response of a motor unit?

    <p>It means that all the muscle fibers in a motor unit contract simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for increased muscle strength after eccentric contractions?

    <p>Increased myosin binding to actin leads to muscle repair and strength gains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In isometric contractions, what is the relationship between the force of contraction and the force of the load?

    <p>The force of contraction is equal to the force of the load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is primarily responsible for determining the amount of muscle tension produced during exercise?

    <p>The rate of motor unit recruitment (coding frequency)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about cardiac muscle is incorrect?

    <p>Cardiac muscle fibers are surrounded by all three connective tissue layers (endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of smooth muscle is characterized by individual fibers, each with its own motor neuron terminal?

    <p>Multi-unit smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate muscle mass loss between the ages of 30 and 80?

    <p>10% between ages 30-50, and an additional 40% by age 80</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the order in which energy sources are used during muscle contraction?

    <p>Creatine phosphate, glycogen (stored in muscle), fat, glycogen (recruited from liver)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about slow-twitch (Type I) muscle fibers is NOT true?

    <p>They have a high force production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the "wash theory" in relation to muscle fiber types?

    <p>It states that fast-twitch (Type IIb) fibers can convert to fast-oxidative (Type IIa) fibers, but not to slow-twitch (Type I) fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy system used by fast-twitch (Type IIb) muscle fibers?

    <p>Anaerobic fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the distribution of muscle fiber types is true?

    <p>A single motor unit can contain different types of muscle fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between concentric and eccentric muscle contractions?

    <p>Concentric contractions involve muscle shortening, while eccentric contractions involve muscle lengthening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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