Chapter 10 - Muscular System: Types of Muscular Tissue and Properties

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What is the main function of skeletal muscles according to the text?

Digestion of food

Temperature Regulation

Production of hormones

Support/Maintenance of Posture (correct)

Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?

Cardiac

Skeletal (correct)

Smooth

Isometric

What is the primary function of connective tissue in muscles as per the text?

Support and protection (correct)

Transport of nutrients

Production of energy

Regulation of body temperature

Which property of muscle tissue refers to its ability to contract/shorten?

Contractility Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of intercalated disks in cardiac muscle tissue?

Facilitate muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

Which component of skeletal muscle is made up of sarcomeres end to end?

Myofibrils Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Endomysium in muscle anatomy?

Surrounds individual muscle fibers and electrically insulates them Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the muscle anatomy acts as the storage site of Ca2+?

Sarcoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of T-tubules in muscle fibers?

Extend deep into the muscle fibers Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Myoglobin: replaces hemoglobin, ↑’d affinity for O2 at higher temp' imply in muscle anatomy?

Myoglobin increases oxygen storage capacity during high-temperature conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber?

Sarcolemma Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Superficial Fascia in muscle anatomy?

Encases groups of muscles, forming the subcutaneous layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of tropomyosin in the thin filament?

To act as a regulatory protein that blocks myosin binding sites on actin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the $M$-line in the sarcomere?

To connect the ends of the thick filaments in the middle of the sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the motor unit?

To transmit signals from the motor neuron to the muscle fibers it innervates Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of titin in the sarcomere?

To provide structural support and elasticity to the sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the $A$-band in the sarcomere?

To serve as the site of overlap between the thick and thin filaments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the troponin complex in the thin filament?

To regulate the interaction between actin and myosin by responding to calcium signals Signup and view all the answers

Which fuel source is utilized first by muscles during submaximal contraction?

Creatine phosphate stored in the muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Slow-Twitch (Type I) and Fast Oxidative (Type IIa) muscle fibers?

Number of mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle fibers are primarily responsible for explosive energy and fatigue quickly?

Fast-Twitch (Type IIb/x, FG) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy system utilized by Fast Oxidative (Type IIa) muscle fibers?

Aerobic respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is most likely to have a high concentration of myoglobin and mitochondria?

Postural muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that eccentric muscle contractions are stronger than concentric contractions?

Eccentric contractions cause more muscle damage, leading to increased repair and strength. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines the amount of muscle tension produced?

Amount of fuel available in the muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between visceral (single-unit) and multi-unit smooth muscle?

Visceral smooth muscle has gap junctions to allow for quick response, while multi-unit smooth muscle lacks gap junctions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscle has autorhythmicity, allowing it to generate its own spontaneous potentials. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of muscle fatigue according to the text?

Depletion of calcium ions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of aging on skeletal muscle?

A 40% decrease in muscle mass by age 80 Signup and view all the answers