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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between melting and freezing?
What is the primary difference between melting and freezing?
Melting is the phase change from solid to liquid, whereas freezing is the phase change from liquid to solid.
What is the term for the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas, without going through the liquid phase?
What is the term for the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas, without going through the liquid phase?
Sublimation
How does an increase in surface area affect the rate of evaporation?
How does an increase in surface area affect the rate of evaporation?
An increase in surface area increases the rate of evaporation.
What is the term for the temperature at which a liquid changes state to a gas?
What is the term for the temperature at which a liquid changes state to a gas?
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What is the primary factor that affects the melting and boiling points of a substance?
What is the primary factor that affects the melting and boiling points of a substance?
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Study Notes
Change of State
Overview
- Change of state occurs when a substance changes from one phase to another (solid, liquid, or gas)
- It involves the transfer of energy, usually in the form of heat
Types of Change of State
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Melting: Solid → Liquid
- Occurs when the temperature of a solid increases to its melting point
- Energy is absorbed during melting
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Freezing: Liquid → Solid
- Occurs when the temperature of a liquid decreases to its freezing point
- Energy is released during freezing
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Vaporization: Liquid → Gas
- Occurs when the temperature of a liquid increases to its boiling point
- Energy is absorbed during vaporization
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Condensation: Gas → Liquid
- Occurs when the temperature of a gas decreases to its dew point
- Energy is released during condensation
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Sublimation: Solid → Gas
- Occurs when the temperature and pressure are suitable for a solid to change directly into a gas
- Energy is absorbed during sublimation
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Deposition: Gas → Solid
- Occurs when the temperature and pressure are suitable for a gas to change directly into a solid
- Energy is released during deposition
Factors Affecting Change of State
- Temperature: Increase in temperature can cause a change of state (e.g., melting, vaporization)
- Pressure: Change in pressure can affect the boiling and melting points of a substance
- Surface Area: Increase in surface area can increase the rate of change of state (e.g., evaporation)
Change of State
- Change of state occurs when a substance changes from one phase to another (solid, liquid, or gas) involving the transfer of energy, usually in the form of heat
Types of Change of State
- Melting: solid changes to liquid, occurs when temperature increases to melting point, energy is absorbed
- Freezing: liquid changes to solid, occurs when temperature decreases to freezing point, energy is released
- Vaporization: liquid changes to gas, occurs when temperature increases to boiling point, energy is absorbed
- Condensation: gas changes to liquid, occurs when temperature decreases to dew point, energy is released
- Sublimation: solid changes to gas, occurs when temperature and pressure are suitable, energy is absorbed
- Deposition: gas changes to solid, occurs when temperature and pressure are suitable, energy is released
Factors Affecting Change of State
- Temperature: increase in temperature can cause a change of state (e.g., melting, vaporization)
- Pressure: change in pressure affects boiling and melting points of a substance
- Surface Area: increase in surface area increases the rate of change of state (e.g., evaporation)
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Description
Learn about the different types of change of state, including melting and freezing, and how they involve the transfer of energy. Understand the concepts of melting point and freezing point.
