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Questions and Answers
What typically initiates a normal change within an organization?
Which of the following statements about normal changes is true?
What distinguishes emergency changes from normal changes?
What is the primary function of change models in the change enablement process?
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Which type of release typically introduces completely new functionality?
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What is an example of how minor releases are typically categorized?
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What role does automation play in the change enablement process?
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Which deployment approach involves deploying new components to all targets at the same time?
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What is typically true about the authority involved in major normal changes?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of emergency changes?
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What is an emergency release primarily concerned with?
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In deployment management, provisioning typically refers to which component?
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What is a common factor for all normal changes?
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What does a phased deployment involve?
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How are major releases typically labeled in versioning?
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What indicates when to use an emergency release?
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Which roles require an understanding of IT infrastructure?
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What is a primary focus of project managers in relation to IT infrastructure?
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What is the distinction between infrastructure software and business application software?
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Which of the following is considered infrastructure software?
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Which skillset is essential for technicians managing IT infrastructure?
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What should higher-level staff understand regarding IT infrastructure?
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Which of the following is a common misconception about IT infrastructure?
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What is the role of business application software?
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What is a primary feature of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?
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Which of the following components is typically managed by IaaS providers?
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What responsibilities do IaaS clients retain?
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How are IaaS services typically accessed by clients?
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What technology underpins Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of IaaS?
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What advantage does IaaS provide compared to traditional data centers?
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What is the primary delivery model for IaaS?
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What is one of the primary benefits of using PaaS for application development?
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Which characteristic defines PaaS as a cloud service?
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In what scenario is PaaS particularly beneficial?
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What is a significant outcome of using PaaS in app development?
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How does PaaS facilitate the integration of services?
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Why might a company choose to adopt PaaS for their development needs?
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What advantage does PaaS provide concerning application accessibility?
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How does PaaS help in reducing costs for app development?
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Study Notes
Change enablement
- Normal changes are scheduled, assessed and authorized following a standard process.
- Change models determine the roles for assessment and authorization depending on the type of change.
- Some normal changes are low-risk and can be authorized quickly using automation.
- Major changes can be authorized by higher management, such as the board of management.
- Normal changes are initiated by creating a change request, which can be automated in organizations with a CI/CD pipeline.
Emergency changes
- Emergency changes are implemented as soon as possible to resolve incidents, such as implementing a security patch.
- They are not scheduled and have an expedited assessment and authorization process.
- Deployment management works closely with release management and change enablement.
Deployment management
- Deployment management is a separate practice from release management and change enablement.
- Deployment is used to describe the deployment of both infrastructure and software.
- Categories of releases include major releases, minor releases, and emergency releases.
Major Releases
- Introduce new hardware or software.
- Introduce completely new functionality.
- Example: v1.0 and v2.0 releases.
Minor Releases
- Make improvements to existing functionality.
- Package together a number of fixes.
- Example: v1.1, v1.2, v1.3.
Emergency Releases
- Implemented to address urgent issues.
- Often temporary fixes.
- Example: v1.1.1, v1.1.2, v1.1.3.
Deployment approaches
- Organizations use a combination of deployment approaches.
- Big bang deployment: Deploying new or changed components to all targets at the same time.
- Phased deployment: Deploying new or changed components to parts of the production environment, gradually rolling out to the entire environment.
Infrastructure & platform management
- People, processes, and documentation are not traditionally considered part of IT infrastructure, even though they play significant roles in managing it.
- IT Infrastructure Managers require specific skills in deploying, setting up, directing changes, and understanding the architecture, budgeting, specifications, and strategic purpose of infrastructure.
Infrastructure software vs business application software
- Infrastructure software enables IT processes.
- Business application software enables business processes.
Infrastructure software examples
- Server operating systems such as Windows, Linux, AIX, IBM i, HP-UX.
- Middleware applications.
Business application software examples
- ERP systems.
- Visual Basic programming applications.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
- PaaS offers advantages for businesses of all sizes.
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Advantages:
- Simple and cost-effective development and deployment of apps.
- Scalability.
- High Availability.
- Customization without maintaining the software.
- Reduced coding requirements.
- Automation of business policies.
- Easy migration to the hybrid model.
PaaS characteristics
- Builds on virtualization technology for scalability.
- Provides services for development, testing, and deployment of apps.
- Accessible to multiple users via the same development application.
- Integrates web services and databases.
When to use PaaS
- PaaS is helpful for multiple developers working on the same project.
- PaaS provides speed and flexibility for projects involving vendors.
- PaaS is beneficial for creating custom applications.
- PaaS reduces costs and simplifies challenges in rapid development and deployment.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
- IaaS provides highly scalable and automated compute resources.
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Advantages:
- On-demand purchasing of resources, avoiding hardware purchases.
- Complete control over infrastructure through a dashboard or API.
- Outsourcing of physical maintenance and management.
- Access to servers and storage directly through a virtual data center in the cloud.
IaaS delivery
- IaaS delivers cloud computing infrastructure through virtualization technology, including servers, network, operating systems, and storage.
- Clients manage applications, runtime, OSes, middleware, and data.
- Providers manage servers, hard drives, networking, virtualization, and storage.
- IaaS providers may offer additional services beyond virtualization, such as databases or message queuing.
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Description
This quiz covers the concepts of change enablement, emergency changes, and deployment management. Understand normal change processes, risk assessment, and the roles involved in managing changes and deployments in IT environments. Test your knowledge on how these processes ensure effective incident resolution and continuous integration.