Ch.6 - Organs of the Urinary System Flashcards

Study Notes

Organs of the Urinary System

Comprises kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Function of the Urinary System

Removes waste material from the body.
Regulates fluid volume and maintains electrolyte concentration.
Assists in blood pressure regulation.

Kidneys

Two bean-shaped organs located on either side of the vertebral column.
Positioned in the posterior abdominal cavity, behind the parietal peritoneum.
Responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and maintaining water and electrolyte balance.

Nephron

Microscopic structure responsible for urine production.
Each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons.

Glomerulus

A cluster of capillaries located at the nephron's entrance.
The process of blood filtration and urine formation begins here.

Renal Pelvis

Funnel-shaped reservoir that collects urine from the kidneys.
Connects to the ureter for urine transport.

Hilum

Indentation on the medial side of the kidney.
Location where the renal artery, renal vein, and renal pelvis are situated, and the ureter exits the kidney.

Ureters

Two slender tubes, approximately 10 to 13 inches (26 to 33 cm) long.
Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder's posterior portion.

Urinary Bladder

A muscular, hollow organ that holds urine temporarily.
The wall thins as it fills, allowing the bladder to increase in size.

Urethra

The lowest part of the urinary tract.
Transports urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body.
Varies in length between sexes: approximately 1.5 inches in females and 8 inches in males, where it also serves as part of the reproductive system.

Urinary Meatus

The opening that allows urine to exit the body.

Description

Test your knowledge on the organs and functions of the urinary system with these flashcards. Learn about the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, and understand their roles in waste removal and fluid regulation. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.