Questions and Answers
What may renal abscess lead to?
What does protein in the urine indicate?
What is a hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder called?
Ureterocele
What does uremia refer to?
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What does glomerular mean?
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What is the term for the inability to hold urine in the bladder?
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What is childhood renal carcinoma known as?
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What test measures the amount of urea in the blood?
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What does swelling or fluid in tissues refer to?
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What is the portion of the urinary bladder called?
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What is an example of an electrolyte?
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What is an X-ray image of the urinary tract called?
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What chemical carries an electrical charge?
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What does alkaline mean?
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What is the term for scanty urination?
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What is a group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia?
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What term describes something surrounding the urinary bladder?
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What is nephrolithotomy?
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What does nephrosclerosis refer to?
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What is meatal stenosis?
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What is a visual examination of the bladder called?
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What nitrogenous waste is commonly measured?
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What does urinary retention refer to?
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What can high levels of ketones in the blood lead to?
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What is the absence of (no) urine production referred to as?
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Diabetes insipidus is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
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What hormone is secreted by the kidney to increase red blood cells?
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What is the term for a stone?
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What does the use of an artificial kidney machine refer to?
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What is excessive thirst known as?
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What is lithotripsy?
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What is the collecting area in the kidney called?
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What is the combining form for renal pelvis?
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Study Notes
Renal Conditions and Terminology
- Renal abscess can lead to pyuria, indicating pus in the urine.
- Albuminuria refers to the presence of protein (albumin) in urine, often a sign of kidney issues.
- Ureterocele is the herniation of the tube that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Uremia and Related Conditions
- Uremia is also known as azotemia, a condition characterized by high levels of nitrogen waste products in the blood.
- Glomerular refers to the small, capillary structures in the kidney essential for filtering blood.
- Incontinence describes the inability to retain urine within the bladder.
Pediatric Renal Disorders
- Wilms tumor is a common childhood renal carcinoma affecting the kidneys.
Diagnostic Tests and Indicators
- BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) test measures urea levels in the blood to assess kidney function.
- KUB (Kidneys-Ureters-Bladder) film is an X-ray imaging technique used to examine the urinary tract.
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
- Edema refers to swelling caused by fluid accumulation in tissues.
- The trigone is a defined area within the urinary bladder important for urinary flow control.
- Sodium is a key electrolyte necessary for various bodily functions and fluid balance.
Urinary System Conditions
- Oliguria indicates scanty urination, often a sign of renal impairment.
- Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms, including edema, proteinuria, and low albumin levels in the blood.
- Perivesical describes tissues surrounding the urinary bladder.
Surgical and Treatment Procedures
- Nephrolithotomy involves an incision to remove kidney stones (renal calculi).
- Nephrosclerosis indicates hardening of renal blood vessels, which can impede kidney function.
- Cystoscopy is a procedure used to visually examine the bladder.
Waste Products and Kidney Function
- Creatinine is a nitrogenous waste product often measured to assess kidney health.
- Urinary retention refers to the condition where urine accumulates in the bladder due to inability to void.
Hormonal and Metabolic Conditions
- High ketone levels in the blood can result in acidosis, a dangerous condition affecting pH balance.
- Anuria refers to the complete absence of urine output, indicating severe renal dysfunction.
- Diabetes insipidus does not typically present with glycosuria (sugar in urine), differentiating it from other forms of diabetes.
- Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production.
Calculi and Intervention
- A calculus is a term used to describe a stone formed in the urinary tract.
- Hemodialysis is the process of using an artificial kidney machine to filter waste from the blood in individuals with kidney failure.
- Polydipsia indicates excessive thirst, often a symptom of diabetes or other metabolic disorders.
- Lithotripsy utilizes shock waves to break down urinary tract stones for easier passage.
Anatomical Components
- A calyx (plural: calyces) is a collecting area in the kidney that gathers urine from the renal pyramids.
- Pyel/o is the combining form used in terms related to the renal pelvis, an essential part of the kidney's drainage system.
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Description
Prepare for your final exam with these flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to renal health. Each card provides a concise definition, helping reinforce your understanding of urinary system terminology. Perfect for quick reviews and memorization.
