CFC and HCFC Regulations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What date was the sale of CFC's & HCFC's restricted to technicians certified in refrigerant recovery?

November 14, 1994

Section 608 of the Federal Clean Air Act requires technicians to what?

Recover all refrigerants.

The objective of the Clean Air Act is to protect what?

The earth's stratosphere.

What are HydroFluoroCarbons?

<p>HFC's</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ChloroFluoroCarbons?

<p>CFC's</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ODP stand for?

<p>Ozone Depletion Potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which international treaty agreement was the basis for Section 608?

<p>The Montreal Protocol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Depletion of the ozone in the stratosphere is known to cause what six things?

<p>Crop losses, Increases in eye diseases, Skin Cancer, Reduced marine life, Deforestation, Increased ground level ozone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when CFC or HCFC molecules get in the stratosphere & free atoms of Chlorine are set free?

<p>These atoms attack Ozone Molecules causing the formation of Chlorine Monoxide (ClO), and eventually leading to the destruction of Ozone molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What date was recovery equipment required to be certified by a lab?

<p>November 15, 1993</p> Signup and view all the answers

On what date was technician certification required?

<p>November 14, 1994</p> Signup and view all the answers

What date was CFC's phased out of production?

<p>December 31, 1995</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is EPA 608 Type I certification?

<p>Persons who maintain, service, repair, or dispose of small appliances (containing 5 pounds of refrigerant or less).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is EPA 608 Type II certification?

<p>Persons who maintain, service, repair, or dispose of high and very high pressure appliances, except small appliances and motor vehicle air conditioning systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is EPA 608 Type III certification?

<p>Persons who maintain, service, repair, or dispose of low pressure appliances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is EPA 608 Universal certification?

<p>Persons who maintain, service, repair, or dispose of both low and high pressure equipment, as well as appliances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are HydroChloroFluoroCarbons?

<p>HCFC's, a group of man-made compounds containing hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A recovery cylinder must not be filled more than ___ % of its capacity by weight?

<p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should refrigerant cylinders be shipped?

<p>Up-right with proper DOT classification tags.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What oil MUST be used with ALL HFC's for HVAC/Refrigeration?

<p>Polyolester</p> Signup and view all the answers

HCFC's have very low atmospheric concentrations measured in parts per?

<p>Trillion</p> Signup and view all the answers

All cooling systems containing more than 50 lbs. of refrigerant must be repaired when the annual leak rate exceeds ___?

<p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mineral Oils are used with?

<p>All CFC's</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alkebenzene is used alone or as an additive for?

<p>HCFC's (Will also work with CFC's)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a Type I Appliance?

<p>A small appliance that is manufactured, charged, and hermetically sealed in a factory with 5 lbs. of refrigerant or less.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a Type II Appliance?

<p>High pressure or very high pressure appliances except for small appliances and motor vehicle air conditioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a Type III Appliance?

<p>Low pressure equipment like low pressure chillers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

All refrigerants are assumed to be a single chemical if they are numbered ___?

<p>1-399 and 600 and above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an Azeotrope?

<p>A mixture of two or more liquids in such a ratio that its composition cannot be changed by vaporizing it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Azeotropes are numbered ___?

<p>500 to 599</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fractionation?

<p>When the refrigerant leaks, it leaks out at different rates due to the different pressures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Temperature Glide?

<p>When the temperature of the vaporizing refrigerant changes, even though the pressure remains the same.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two basic types of recovery devices?

<p>Self-Contained and System-Dependent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

System-Dependent devices may only be used on appliances containing how much refrigerant?

<p>15 lbs of refrigerant or less</p> Signup and view all the answers

What MUST be placed on a refrigerant cylinder being returned for reclaiming?

<p>A refrigerant label.</p> Signup and view all the answers

After completing the transfer of liquid refrigerant between a recovery unit and a refrigeration system, you should guard against what?

<p>Trapping liquid refrigerant between the service valves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When pressurizing a system with nitrogen, you should always?

<p>Charge through a pressure regulator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three 'R's?

<p>Recover, Recycle, and Reclaim.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to the three 'R's' what is Recover?

<p>To remove refrigerant in any condition from a system and store it in an external approved container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to the three 'R's' what is Recycle?

<p>To clean refrigerant for reuse by separating the oil from the refrigerant and removing moisture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can Recycled refrigerant be resold?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to the three 'R's' what is Reclaim?

<p>To process refrigerant to a level equal to new (virgin) product specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can Reclaimed refrigerant be resold?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What chemical has been found in the stratosphere indicating ozone depletion?

<p>Chlorine Monoxide (ClO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 5 Type I appliances?

<p>Household refrigerators, Household freezers, Room air conditioners, Water Coolers, Drinking fountains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 6 Type II appliances?

<p>Walk-in coolers, Walk-in freezers, Reach-in refrigerators, Reach-in freezers, Residential &amp; Commercial comfort cooling systems, Ice machines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a Type III appliance?

<p>Low pressure chiller.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is 'Dew Point' used?

<p>When calculating Superheat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is 'Bubble Point' used?

<p>When calculating Sub-cooling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the EPA require on all Type I equipment that uses Class I or Class II refrigerants?

<p>EPA requires a service aperture (process stub).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does TXV stand for?

<p>Thermostatic Expansion Valve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The EPA considers a major repair to be the replacement of what four items?

<p>Evaporator, Condenser, Compressor, Auxiliary Heat Exchanger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the refrigerant is put back into a Type III chiller, following recovery and system repair, where is it added?

<p>The charging valve on the evaporator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to find suspected water tube leaks in chillers?

<p>Hydrostatic (tube) test.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature should be attained when removing oil from a low pressure system to ensure a lower level of refrigerants in the oil?

<p>130-Degrees F</p> Signup and view all the answers

The typical design burst pressure for a rupture disc is what?

<p>15 PSIG</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excessive moisture collection in the purge unit can indicate what?

<p>Tube Leakage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vacuum pumps need to be capable of pulling what level of vacuum?

<p>500 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

All refrigeration systems containing more than 50 lbs. of refrigerant must be repaired when the annual leak rate exceeds ___?

<p>35%</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most efficient method of leak checking a charged low-pressure system is to use?

<p>Controlled hot water or heater blankets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Systems with open drive compressors are prone to leak where?

<p>At the shaft seal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ASHRAE standard 15 require?

<p>A refrigerant monitor that will sound and alarm and automatically start a ventilation system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does TLV-TWA stand for?

<p>Threshold Limit Value, Time Weighted Average.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A-1 Group Refrigerants only require what?

<p>Oxygen Deprivation Sensor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

All 'B' rated refrigerants require what?

<p>'Refrigerant Specific' Mechanical Room Sensor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Cooling Towers?

<p>They are heat removal devices used to transfer process waste heat to the atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum test pressure to use for pressurizing Type III centrifugal systems with nitrogen?

<p>10 psig</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enough vapor has entered the system and you may begin charging liquid refrigerant when the refrigerant saturation temperature increases to?

<p>36F</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

CFC and HCFC Regulations

  • Sale of CFCs and HCFCs restricted to certified technicians began on November 14, 1994.
  • Section 608 of the Federal Clean Air Act mandates recovering all refrigerants.
  • The Clean Air Act aims to protect the earth's stratosphere.
  • Montreal Protocol serves as the international treaty that influenced Section 608.

Ozone Depletion Effects

  • Ozone depletion in the stratosphere leads to:
    • Crop losses
    • Increases in eye diseases
    • Skin cancer
    • Reduced marine life
    • Deforestation
    • Increased ground-level ozone

Refrigerants and Categories

  • HydroFluoroCarbons (HFCs) and ChloroFluoroCarbons (CFCs) are man-made refrigerants.
  • Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) refers to a substance's ability to destroy ozone.
  • HCFCs, short for HydroChloroFluoroCarbons, have significant environmental impact, albeit lower than CFCs.

Certification Types

  • EPA 608 Type I: For small appliances with 5 lbs. of refrigerant or less.
  • EPA 608 Type II: For high-pressure appliances, excluding small appliances and vehicle air conditioning.
  • EPA 608 Type III: For low-pressure appliances.
  • EPA 608 Universal: Covers all types of refrigerants.

Recovery and Recycling

  • Recovery equipment must be certified by a lab since November 15, 1993.
  • A recovery cylinder must not exceed 80% of its weight capacity during filling.
  • Refrigerant cylinders should be shipped upright with the proper DOT classification tags.

Refrigerant Management

  • The three "R's": Recover, Recycle, Reclaim.
  • Recovering refrigerant involves storing it in an approved container.
  • Recycled refrigerants cannot be resold but can be reused.
  • Reclaimed refrigerants must meet ARI 700 standards to be resold.

Appliances and Systems

  • Type I appliances include household refrigerators, freezers, and room air conditioners.
  • Type II appliances encompass larger systems like walk-in coolers and comfort cooling systems.
  • Type III appliances refer to low-pressure systems, such as chillers.

Leak Detection and Maintenance

  • Systems containing over 50 lbs. of refrigerant must be repaired if the annual leak rate exceeds 15% (35% in other contexts).
  • Major repairs involve replacing components like evaporators, condensers, and compressors.
  • Hydrostatic tests are vital for detecting leaks in chillers.

Environmental Sensors and Safety

  • ASHRAE Standard 15 mandates refrigerant monitors in equipment rooms for early leak detection.
  • A-1 group refrigerants necessitate only an oxygen deprivation sensor, while B-rated refrigerants require specific mechanical room sensors.

Operational Procedures

  • Refrigerants should be charged through pressure regulators when using nitrogen for system pressurization.
  • After recovering and repairing a Type III chiller, refrigerants are added through the charging valve on the evaporator.
  • Vacuum pumps must achieve a vacuum level of 500 microns to ensure effective operation.

Understanding Refrigerants

  • Temperature glide refers to changes in vapor temperature while pressure stays constant.
  • Azeotropes remain unchanged in composition when vaporized and are numbered 500 to 599.
  • Fractionation occurs when different refrigerant components leak at varying rates.

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