Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

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What happens to UVC and UVB radiation from the sun when ozone is present in the stratosphere?

They are prevented from reaching the Earth's surface (correct)
They are amplified and sent back to the sun
They are reflected back into space
They are converted into infrared radiation

What is the role of stratospheric ice crystals in the Antarctic winter?

They reflect UV radiation back into space
They absorb and store heat from the sun
They contribute to ozone degradation (correct)
They contribute to ozone formation

What is the effect of free chlorine on ozone in the stratosphere?

It reflects UV radiation back into space
It increases ozone formation
It catalyzes the conversion of O3 to O2 (correct)
It has no effect on ozone

What is the goal of the Montreal Protocol?

To reduce and phase-out CFCs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of HFCs that makes them a better alternative to CFCs?

They contain no chlorine and are powerful greenhouse gases (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which some reradiated heat is trapped and emitted back towards the Earth's surface?

The Greenhouse Effect (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the greenhouse effect?

To regulate the Earth's temperature (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases has a global warming potential of one?

Carbon dioxide (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

Human activities (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of rising sea levels on coastal populations?

It displaces them (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which corals expel their symbiotic algae due to warming ocean temperatures?

Coral bleaching (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of ocean warming?

Increase in greenhouse gas emissions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of melting sea ice on species that depend on it for food and habitat?

It affects them negatively (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the increase in the Earth's temperature over time?

Global warming (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary impact of climate change on ecological populations?

It affects them negatively (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Kyoto Protocol?

To limit greenhouse gas emissions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?

Increase in atmospheric CO2 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act?

To manage critical fish zones in federal waters (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of excess hydrogen ions in ocean water?

Dissolution of existing shells and skeletons (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between K-selected and R-selected species?

K-selected species produce few young at a time, while R-selected species produce many young (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the external factors that change the behavior and fitness of organisms within a new environment?

Active pressures (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Delaney Act primarily aimed at protecting?

Endangered species (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of introducing a non-native species to control an invasive species?

Participation/consumption of non-target species (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is percent loss calculated?

(initial - final) / initial × 100 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of ecotourism in preventing extinction of large terrestrial animals?

To educate people about the ecological value of animals (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why invasive species outcompete native species?

They can survive a wide range of abiotic conditions and habitats (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity?

Negative impact on biodiversity (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of climate change contributing to habitat loss?

Coastal inundation from melting land ice and permafrost (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of domestication on genetic diversity?

Reduction in genetic diversity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a strategy to mitigate the negative effects of habitat fragmentation?

Creation of habitat corridors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a way to expand a community for urban expansion while protecting wooded areas?

Clustered housing with green space in between (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a regulation that could be included in a development plan to protect bird species?

Tree preservation ordinances (D) Signup and view all the answers