Cervical Cancer Screening and Risk Factors
64 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What age should women begin Pap screening?

  • At age 18
  • At age 25
  • At age 30
  • At age 21 (correct)

Which HPV types are most strongly correlated with a high risk for cervical cancer?

  • Types 51 and 52
  • Types 6 and 11
  • Types 16 and 18 (correct)
  • Types 31 and 33

What is the primary indication for HPV testing in women aged 30 to 65?

  • To assess hormonal changes
  • To diagnose cervical cancer
  • To monitor STIs
  • For primary HPV testing or co-testing with a Pap test (correct)

What is a common risk factor for cervical cancer?

<p>Young age at coitarche (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical follow-up recommendation if a Pap test result is normal for women aged 21 to 29?

<p>Next test in three years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended screening method for cervical cancer?

<p>HPV testing alone without a Pap test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Pap test findings typically show abnormal results?

<p>2.1% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor related to hormonal contraception usage is considered a risk for cervical cancer?

<p>Long-term use of combined hormonal contraception (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age range should Pap and HPV screening occur every 3 years?

<p>30 to 65 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should happen to screening for women over 65 who have had 3 normal consecutive Paps?

<p>Discontinue screening (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition requires women to continue screening past the age of 65?

<p>History of CIN II or greater (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common treatment for abnormal cervical cells found during colposcopy?

<p>Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What procedure is referred for patients with ASC-US lesions and a positive HPV DNA test?

<p>Colposcopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the colposcope during a colposcopy procedure?

<p>To magnify and illuminate the cervix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for women under 24 years of age with ASC-US lesions?

<p>Repeat cytology in 12 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions does NOT require closer monitoring?

<p>Regular screening without issues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk factor related to sexual history is associated with cervical cancer?

<p>Having a sexual partner with a history of STIs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended screening strategy for women aged 30 to 65?

<p>Primary HPV testing only (A), HPV test in combination with Pap test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age should Pap screening begin for women?

<p>21 years old (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which HPV types account for approximately 70% of all cervical cancers?

<p>HPV types 16 and 18 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For women who have had normal results for several years and are aged 65 or older, what is the recommendation regarding cervical cancer screening?

<p>Stop screening entirely (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Pap test findings typically yield abnormal results in the United States?

<p>2.1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the visibility of cervical Pap abnormalities during a routine examination?

<p>Not visible by routine speculum examination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor related to hormonal changes is a risk for cervical cancer?

<p>Long-term use of combined hormonal contraception (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action for women over 65 who have a history of CIN II or greater?

<p>Continue screening for a minimum of 20 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For women who have had a hysterectomy and cervix removal, when should screening be resumed?

<p>If they have a history of CIN II or greater in the past 20 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial follow-up for women under 24 years with ASC-US lesions?

<p>Repeat cytology in 12 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical finding when performing colposcopy procedures?

<p>Less than 1 in 1,000 women are found to have cervical cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What procedure is most commonly performed to treat abnormal cervical cells found during colposcopy?

<p>Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups requires closer monitoring for cervical health?

<p>Women who have had DES exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of applying solutions during a colposcopy?

<p>To highlight abnormal areas on the cervix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration for routine Pap and HPV screening in women aged 30 to 65?

<p>Every 3 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be an indication for ongoing cervical cancer screening in women aged 65 or older?

<p>Having had a cervical precancer in the past (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following HPV types accounts for the majority of cervical cancer cases?

<p>Types 16 and 18 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary recommendation for women aged 21 to 29 with normal Pap test results?

<p>Wait three years until the next Pap test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about visibility of cervical Pap abnormalities?

<p>They can often be detected during routine examination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario is HPV testing without a Pap test currently recommended?

<p>Currently not recommended (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recognized risk factor for cervical cancer?

<p>Long-term use of combined hormonal contraception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should women aged 30 to 65 do if they are undergoing co-testing?

<p>Take an HPV test along with the Pap test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of HPV makes it a notable public health concern?

<p>It is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended continuation of Pap and HPV screening for women with a history of CIN II or greater after the age of 65?

<p>Screening should continue for a minimum of 20 years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for women who have had a hysterectomy with cervix removal and no history of CIN II or greater in the last 20 years?

<p>Discontinue screening. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate management for patients with ASC-US lesions who are under 24 years old?

<p>Repeat cytology in 12 months. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions requires closer monitoring for cervical health?

<p>Women with a history of CIN II or greater. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the colposcope during the colposcopy procedure?

<p>To visually inspect the cervix and highlight abnormalities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically observed when applying solutions during a colposcopy?

<p>It highlights the abnormal areas of the cervix. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of women referred for colposcopy are typically found to have cervical cancer requiring immediate treatment?

<p>1 in 1,000. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For women diagnosed with ASC-US lesions over the age of 24 and positive for HPV, what is the recommended course of action?

<p>Refer for colposcopy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for women who have had a hysterectomy and their cervix removed?

<p>Screening should be discontinued unless they had cervical cancer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for women over the age of 24 with ASC-US lesions and a positive HPV DNA test?

<p>Referral for colposcopy is recommended. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for women under 24 years who have ASC-US lesions?

<p>They should have repeat cytology in 12 months. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is closer monitoring indicated for women regarding cervical health?

<p>For women who have a history of CIN II or greater. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely finding for women referred for colposcopy?

<p>Less than 1 in 1,000 will have cervical cancer requiring immediate treatment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of monitoring is required for women with a history of DES exposure or who are immunosuppressed?

<p>Closer monitoring is necessary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal when treating abnormal cervical cells?

<p>To preserve as much normal tissue as possible. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying solutions during a colposcopy?

<p>To enhance the visibility of abnormal areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What screening method is NOT recommended for women with a history of cervical cancer?

<p>Pap test every year (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk factor is associated with cellular trauma for cervical cancer?

<p>History of STIs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which HPV types are most associated with cervical dysplasia?

<p>Types 16 and 18 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what reason should women under 24 with ASC-US lesions be closely monitored?

<p>They may revert to normal without intervention. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary recommendation for women aged 30 to 65 who have normal screening results?

<p>Undergo co-testing every five years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered when determining continued screening for women over 65?

<p>History of cervical precancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of applying solutions during colposcopy?

<p>To enhance visualization of abnormal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which common misconception exists regarding cervical Pap abnormalities?

<p>They can always be seen during a routine exam. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pap test

A screening test for cervical cancer.

HPV

Human Papillomavirus, a common STI.

High-risk HPV types

HPV types associated with cervical dysplasia or cancer.

Cervical cancer risk factors

Factors increasing risk of cervical cancer, e.g., age, HPV infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pap screening start age

Age at which Pap screening for cervical cancer should start.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Primary HPV testing

HPV testing alone for screening cervical cancer in women aged 30-65.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Co-testing

HPV and Pap test done together.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Screening frequency (normal results)

Interval for screening Pap and/or HPV tests based on normal results.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is colposcopy used?

Colposcopy is used to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormal cells using a magnifying device. It helps doctors identify precancerous lesions or abnormal tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy procedure: What happens?

A colposcope, a microscope with a light, is used to view the cervix. Solutions are applied to highlight abnormal areas. The colposcope does not enter the vagina.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is LLETZ?

Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is the most common treatment for abnormal cervical cells. It removes the abnormal tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When are Pap/HPV screenings stopped?

Women over 65 years old who have had 3 consecutive normal Pap screenings can discontinue Pap/HPV screening.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the screening guidelines for women with a history of CIN II or greater?

Women who have had a history of CIN II or greater should continue screening past the age of 65 for a minimum of 20 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When is colposcopy indicated for ASC-US lesions?

Women with ASC-US lesions and a positive HPV DNA test should be referred for colposcopy, unless they are under 24 years of age.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How to manage abnormal Pap findings?

A gynecologic consultation is indicated for abnormal Pap findings, with colposcopy for diagnostics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What happens to women under 24 with ASC-US lesions?

Women under 24 with ASC-US lesions should have repeat cytology in 12 months. They can choose to have a reflex HPV test after the initial or repeat cytology.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervical dysplasia

Abnormal cell growth on the cervix, sometimes called 'precancerous' cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why are Pap tests recommended for all women?

Regular Pap tests can detect cervical cancer early when it's treatable. This can prevent it from progressing and saves lives.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the difference between primary HPV testing and co-testing?

Primary HPV testing uses only the HPV test for screening, while co-testing uses both the HPV and Pap tests.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When should women start Pap screening?

The recommended age to start Pap tests is 21 years old.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the screening guidelines for women aged 30-65 years?

Women aged 30-65 can either have Pap tests every 3 years OR have co-testing (HPV and Pap) every 5 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pap screening cutoff age

Women over 65 who have had 3 consecutive normal Pap tests can stop screening, unless they have a history of CIN II or greater.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervical cancer screening for women with CIN II history

Women who have had CIN II or greater should continue screening beyond 65 for a minimum of 20 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pap screening after hysterectomy

Women who have had a hysterectomy and cervix removal can stop screening unless they had CIN II or greater in the past 20 years or prior cervical cancer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When is colposcopy indicated for ASC-US?

Women with ASC-US lesions and a positive HPV DNA test should be referred for colposcopy, except for those under 24 years old.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Managing ASC-US in women under 24

Women under 24 with ASC-US lesions should have a repeat Pap test in 12 months. They can choose to have an HPV test along with it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy - What is it?

Colposcopy uses a magnified device to examine the cervix for abnormal cells. A light is used to highlight areas needing further examination.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy treatments - Why?

Treatment for abnormal cervical cells aims to remove the abnormal cells while retaining healthy tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy treatment - Most common

Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is the most common treatment for abnormal cervical cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a Pap test?

A screening test for cervical cancer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is HPV?

Human Papillomavirus, a common STI.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are high-risk HPV types?

HPV types strongly linked to cervical dysplasia or cancer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When should Pap screening start?

Women should start Pap screening at age 21.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the screening options for women 30-65?

Women 30-65 can choose between Pap tests every 3 years or co-testing (HPV and Pap) every 5 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is co-testing?

HPV and Pap test done together for cervical cancer screening.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When can Pap screening be discontinued?

Women over 65 who have had 3 normal Pap tests in a row can stop screening, unless they have a history of CIN II or greater.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What if someone has CIN II or greater?

Women with a history of CIN II or greater should continue screening for at least 20 years past age 65.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pap Screening Frequency

Women aged 30-65 should get a Pap test every 3 years or have combined Pap and HPV testing every 5 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When to Stop Pap Screening?

Women over 65 with 3 consecutive normal Pap results can stop screening, unless they have a history of CIN II or greater.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ASC-US with Positive HPV

Women with ASC-US lesions and a positive HPV DNA test should be referred for colposcopy, unless they are under 24 years of age.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Managing ASC-US Under 24

Women under 24 with ASC-US lesions should have a repeat Pap test in 12 months. They can choose to have an HPV test along with it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervical Cancer Screening

The Pap test is a screening test for cervical cancer, examining the cervix for abnormal cells. Regular screenings are crucial for early detection and treatment of cervical cancer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervical Pap Abnormalities

Abnormal results on a Pap test indicate changes in cells on the cervix. These changes can range from mild to severe and require further investigation to determine their severity and need for treatment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy

A procedure using a magnifying device to examine the cervix and detect abnormal cells. It helps doctors identify and assess the severity of cervical abnormalities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pap & HPV Screening Frequency

Women aged 30-65 should get a Pap test every 3 years or have combined Pap and HPV testing every 5 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy Purpose

A procedure using a magnifying device to examine the cervix for abnormal cells. A light is used to highlight areas needing further examination.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy Treatment Goal

Treatment for abnormal cervical cells aims to remove the abnormal cells while retaining healthy tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

LLETZ

Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is the most common treatment for abnormal cervical cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Colposcopy: Rare Cancer Findings

Less than 1 in 1,000 women referred for a colposcopy are found to have cervical cancer requiring immediate treatment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Cervical Cancer Screening Abnormalities

  • Papanicolaou (Pap) test is a screening test for cervical cancer.
  • 2.1% of Pap test results show abnormalities in the United States.
  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 account for 70% of cervical cancers.
  • HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the US.
  • 13 HPV subtypes are linked to high risk for cervical dysplasia.

Pelvic Exam

  • A pelvic exam involves several steps, including lying on the back, the doctor examining the outside of the vagina, and using a speculum to examine the cervix.

Cervical Cancer Risk Factors

  • Older age
  • Infection with high-risk HPV types
  • Vaginal pH changes
  • Hormonal changes
  • Cellular trauma
  • Long-term use of combined hormonal contraception
  • Young age at first sexual intercourse
  • Multiparity
  • History of STIs (sexually transmitted infections), multiple sexual partners, younger age at first pregnancy, and cigarette smoking

Clinical Presentation

  • Cervical Pap abnormalities are not always visible during a routine speculum exam.
  • Cervical cancer can appear as a lesion on the cervix.
  • Pap screening should begin at age 21.
  • HPV testing is recommended for women aged 30 to 65.

Screening

  • Screening helps differentiate between normal, low-grade CIN, high-grade CIN, and cancerous conditions in the cervix.

Screening Continued (30-65 years old)

  • Primary HPV testing: If the result is normal, a woman can wait 5 years for her next screening test.
  • Co-testing (HPV and Pap test): If both results are normal, a woman can wait 5 years for her next screening test.

For 65 Years and Older

  • Women with normal screening results for several years, without cervical precancer or cancer, or who've had a hysterectomy with cervix removal (for non-cancerous conditions) do not need routine cervical screening.

Physical Exam and Diagnostics

  • HPV/Pap test screening by HPV alone, without a simultaneous Pap test is not currently recommended.
  • Pap and HPV screening is recommended every 3 years for women aged 30 to 65.
  • Women with a history of CIN II or greater should continue screening past age 65 for a minimum of 20 years.
  • Women who have had a hysterectomy with cervix removal should discontinue screening unless they have a history of CIN II or greater in the past 20 years or had cervical cancer.
  • Women with DES exposure, immunosuppressed HIV, or CIN II or greater require closer monitoring.
  • Cytologic brush and liquid-based medium are used in diagnostics.

Management

  • Patients with ASC-US lesions and a positive HPV DNA test should be referred for colposcopy (unless under 24).
  • Repeat cytology in women under 24 in 12 months.
  • Women over 24 with positive ASC-US and HPV should be referred for colposcopy.
  • Gynecologic consultation is needed for abnormal Pap findings and colposcopy diagnostics.

Colposcopy

  • Colposcopy is a technique used to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva using a magnifying device.
  • A microscope (colposcope) with a strong light is used to view the cervix, without entering the vagina.
  • Solutions are sometimes applied to the cervix to highlight abnormal areas.

Colposcopy Treatments

  • Few women undergoing a colposcopy are found to have cervical cancer needing immediate treatment.
  • Mild abnormalities may not need treatment, aiming to preserve healthy tissue.
  • Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is a common treatment for removing abnormal cells.
  • LLETZ often uses a local anesthetic and is carried out during colposcopy.
  • Treatment success is usually about 90%.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Cervical Cancer Screening Abnormalities PDF

Description

This quiz covers the key aspects of cervical cancer screening, focusing on Pap test abnormalities and HPV's role in cervical cancer. Additionally, it examines various risk factors associated with cervical cancer. Enhance your understanding of prevention and clinical practices in women's health.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser