T2 L14: The cerebellum and motor learning

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Which of the following is a potential cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Genetic causes

Chronic alcohol abuse (correct)

Neonatal cerebellar damage

Executive and limbic function

What is a potential genetic cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Metabolic disorders

Symmetrical Ataxia

MS

Frederich's ataxia (correct)

Which area of the cerebellum is affected by chronic alcohol abuse in the example?

Cerebellar nuclei

Cerebellar cortex

Anterior (spino-) cerebellum (correct)

White matter tracts

What type of stroke can lead to focal cerebellar pathology?

PICA territory stroke Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the cerebellum is more likely to cause profound ataxia if involved in a disease like MS?

Cerebellar nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential causes of acquired symmetrical ataxia?

Cerebellar atrophy Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential immune cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Paraneoplastic Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential degenerative cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Familial MSA Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential inherited cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Frederich's ataxia Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential metabolic cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

B12/Thyroid/Coeliac Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cerebellum is involved in controlling limb movements?

Paravermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spinocerebellum?

Control of muscle tone/posture Signup and view all the answers

Which tracts are involved in the spinocerebellar loop?

Tecto-, rubro-, vestibulospinal tracts Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of lesions in the spinocerebellar loop?

Gait ataxia and posture disturbance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of lesions to the vestibulocerebellar pathway?

Nystagmus Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the thalamus is involved in the vestibulocerebellar pathway?

VA/VL Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the inferior olive in the cerebellar cortical circuitry?

Generating the error signal Signup and view all the answers

What are the inputs to the cerebellum?

Mossy fibers and climbing fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Purkinje cells in motor learning?

Error detection Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the Purkinje cells are simultaneously activated by climbing fibers and parallel fibers?

Long-term depression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a learning objective of the presentation?

To discuss the role of the cerebellum in cognitive functions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a functional subdivision of the cerebellum mentioned in the text?

Inputs and outputs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cerebellum in motor learning?

Correction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feedback loop involving the cerebellum?

Corticospinal loop Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cerebellum in modulating movement?

Comparing intended movement with actual movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cortical motor control center?

Cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

What type of loop involves the cerebellum and the brainstem motor control centers?

Brainstem-cerebellar loop Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the spinocerebellar loop?

Sensory feedback control Signup and view all the answers

What does the cerebellum compare in terms of movement?

Intended movement with actual movement Signup and view all the answers

Where is the cerebellum located?

Brainstem Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a functional subdivision of the cerebellum mentioned in the text?

Flocking to Notionally Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the inferior olive in the cerebellar cortical circuitry?

Activating Purkinje cells Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential immune cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Autoimmune disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential degenerative cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Neurodegenerative disease Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cerebellum is predominantly involved in motor learning?

Lateral cerebellar hemispheres Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cerebellum is more likely to show subtle motor deficits when lesioned?

Vestibular cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclei are connected to the lateral cerebellar hemispheres?

Dentate nuclei Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclei receive input from the interposed nuclei and the power vermis?

Vestigial nuclei Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of cerebellar dysfunction mentioned in the text?

Irregular rhythm in alternating hand movements Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of gait ataxia mentioned in the text?

Impaired balance and posture Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of cerebellar dysfunction mentioned in the text?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vestibulocerebellar pathway mentioned in the text?

Maintaining balance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of nystagmus?

Lesion to the vestibular ocular pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vestibular cerebellar pathways?

To sense the position of the head in space Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the thalamus is involved in motor control?

Ventral anterior ventral lateral part Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cortico-cerebellar pathway?

Motor learning Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?

Maintenance of involuntary pathways Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cerebellum in motor learning?

It helps inform future actions through a feedback mechanism Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is NOT mentioned as having connections to the cerebellum?

Prefrontal cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the cerebellum in balance and posture?

Maintenance of balance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a layer within the cerebellar cortex?

White matter layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the climbing fibers in the cerebellar circuitry?

Connect the inferior olive nuclei to the cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cerebellum is involved in receiving inputs for what you want to do and what you actually did?

Inferior olive nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of fibers that transmit signals to the cerebellum in the cerebellar circuitry?

Mossy fibers and climbing fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which cells line the granule cell layer in the cerebellum?

Purkinje cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of fibers form the parallel fibers in the molecular layer of the cerebellum?

Granule cell fibers Signup and view all the answers

T2 L14: The cerebellum and motor learning

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

What is a potential genetic cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Which area of the cerebellum is affected by chronic alcohol abuse in the example?

What type of stroke can lead to focal cerebellar pathology?

Which area of the cerebellum is more likely to cause profound ataxia if involved in a disease like MS?

What are the potential causes of acquired symmetrical ataxia?

What is a potential immune cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

What is a potential degenerative cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

What is a potential inherited cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

What is a potential metabolic cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Which part of the cerebellum is involved in controlling limb movements?

What is the function of the spinocerebellum?

Which tracts are involved in the spinocerebellar loop?

What are the effects of lesions in the spinocerebellar loop?

What is the main effect of lesions to the vestibulocerebellar pathway?

Which part of the thalamus is involved in the vestibulocerebellar pathway?

What is the role of the inferior olive in the cerebellar cortical circuitry?

What are the inputs to the cerebellum?

What is the role of the Purkinje cells in motor learning?

What happens when the Purkinje cells are simultaneously activated by climbing fibers and parallel fibers?

Which of the following is NOT a learning objective of the presentation?

Which of the following is NOT a functional subdivision of the cerebellum mentioned in the text?

What is the role of the cerebellum in motor learning?

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feedback loop involving the cerebellum?

What is the role of the cerebellum in modulating movement?

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cortical motor control center?

What type of loop involves the cerebellum and the brainstem motor control centers?

What is the role of the spinocerebellar loop?

What does the cerebellum compare in terms of movement?

Where is the cerebellum located?

Which of the following is NOT a functional subdivision of the cerebellum mentioned in the text?

What is the role of the inferior olive in the cerebellar cortical circuitry?

What is a potential immune cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

What is a potential degenerative cause of cerebellar dysfunction?

Which part of the cerebellum is predominantly involved in motor learning?

Which part of the cerebellum is more likely to show subtle motor deficits when lesioned?

Which nuclei are connected to the lateral cerebellar hemispheres?

Which nuclei receive input from the interposed nuclei and the power vermis?

Which of the following is NOT a sign of cerebellar dysfunction mentioned in the text?

What is the main cause of gait ataxia mentioned in the text?

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of cerebellar dysfunction mentioned in the text?

What is the role of the vestibulocerebellar pathway mentioned in the text?

Which of the following is a potential cause of nystagmus?

What is the function of the vestibular cerebellar pathways?

Which part of the thalamus is involved in motor control?

What is the main function of the cortico-cerebellar pathway?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?

What is the role of the cerebellum in motor learning?

Which part of the brain is NOT mentioned as having connections to the cerebellum?

What is the main role of the cerebellum in balance and posture?

Which of the following is NOT a layer within the cerebellar cortex?

What is the role of the climbing fibers in the cerebellar circuitry?

Which part of the cerebellum is involved in receiving inputs for what you want to do and what you actually did?

What are the two types of fibers that transmit signals to the cerebellum in the cerebellar circuitry?

Which cells line the granule cell layer in the cerebellum?

What type of fibers form the parallel fibers in the molecular layer of the cerebellum?

Which fibers receive input predominantly from the mossy fibers in the cerebellum?

Which layer of the cerebellum contains the energy cells involved in the output?

Which nuclei receive the outflow fibers from the cerebellum?

What is the location of the interesting events in the cerebellum?

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