Central Nervous System and Neuron Communication
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for language production?

  • Temporal Lobe
  • Broca's Area (correct)
  • Cerebrum
  • Wernicke's Area
  • The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the rest-and-digest response.

    False (B)

    What is the primary function of sensory neurons?

    Transmit signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system.

    The _______ is the structure that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

    <p>Corpus Callosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of neuron to its function:

    <p>Motor neurons = Transmit signals to muscles and glands Sensory neurons = Transmit signals from receptors to CNS Interneurons = Connect neurons within the brain and spinal cord Neuroglia = Support and protect neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is typically associated with the fight-or-flight response?

    <p>Adrenaline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neurons are the supporting cells of the nervous system.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is brain plasticity?

    <p>The ability of the brain to change and adapt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones describe mejor la función de los neuroglías?

    <p>Soporta y protege a las neuronas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El sistema nervioso somático controla los movimientos involuntarios del cuerpo.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nombra los dos tipos de sistema nervioso que se encuentran en el sistema nervioso autónomo.

    <p>Sistema nervioso simpático y sistema nervioso parasimpático</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La _________ es el área responsable de la comprensión del lenguaje.

    <p>área de Wernicke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Empareja los tipos de neuronas con su función correspondiente:

    <p>Neurona motora = Transmite señales desde el sistema nervioso central a los músculos Neurona sensorial = Transmite señales desde los receptores sensoriales al sistema nervioso central Interneuronas = Conecta neuronas dentro del cerebro y la médula espinal Neurona unipolar = Célula con un solo proceso que puede funcionar como aferente</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es una de las características de la plasticidad cerebral?

    <p>Habilidad para adaptarse y reorganizarse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El cuerpo calloso es la estructura que conecta los nervios espinales con el cerebro.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El sistema nervioso _________ es responsable de la respuesta de lucha o huida.

    <p>simpático</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Central Nervous System (CNS)

    The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.

    Neurons

    The fundamental functional units of the nervous system, sending electrical signals.

    Neuroglia

    Supporting cells that protect and assist neurons.

    Motor Neurons

    Neurons that carry signals from the brain to muscles, controlling movement.

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    Sensory Neurons

    Neurons that carry signals from sensory receptors to the brain.

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    Synapses

    The junctions between neurons where signals are transmitted.

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    Cerebrum

    The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions like thinking and memory.

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    Brain Plasticity

    The brain's ability to change and adapt throughout life.

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    Área de Broca

    Una región en el cerebro responsable de producir el habla. Se encuentra en el lóbulo frontal, normalmente en el hemisferio izquierdo.

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    Área de Wernicke

    Una región en el cerebro responsable de comprender el lenguaje. Situada en el lóbulo temporal, normalmente en el hemisferio izquierdo.

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    Lóbulo Temporal

    Una de las cuatro partes principales del cerebro. Se encarga de la audición, el lenguaje, la memoria y las emociones.

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    Lobotomía

    Un procedimiento quirúrgico que implica cortar conexiones en el cerebro, especialmente en el lóbulo prefrontal. Utilizado anteriormente para tratar enfermedades mentales, ahora es obsoleto.

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    ¿Qué es el sistema nervioso?

    Una red compleja de células que transmite información por todo el cuerpo, permitiendo la comunicación y el control de las funciones corporales.

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    Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC)

    La parte del sistema nervioso que incluye el cerebro y la médula espinal.

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    Sistema Nervioso Somático

    La parte del sistema nervioso que controla los movimientos voluntarios, como caminar o escribir.

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    Sistema Nervioso Autónomico

    La parte del sistema nervioso que controla los movimientos involuntarios, como la respiración o el latido del corazón.

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    Study Notes

    Central Nervous System (CNS)

    • CNS includes the brain and spinal cord
    • Antecedents of brain injury
    • Broca's area
    • Wernicke's area
    • Temporal Lobe surgeries/lobotomies
    • Anatomy of the brain
    • Spinal cord
    • Cranial nerves (12 pairs)
    • Spinal nerves (31 pairs)
    • Voluntary and involuntary movements
    • Somatic and autonomic nervous system
    • Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

    Neuron Communication

    • Different types of neurons and their functions
    • Structure of neurons (anatomical unit)
    • Support cells (neuroglia): protect, support neurons, and remove waste. Microglia is immune function
    • Myelin: myelin sheath, the process of myelination
    • Neurons and how they work together
    • Signals transmission (function)
    • Motor and effector neurons
    • Sensory neurons
    • Axons and dendrites
    • Neurotransmitters
    • Synapse and neurotransmission
    • Electrical and chemical synapse

    Neuron Types and Structure

    • Unipolar neurons
    • Bipolar neurons
    • Multipolar neurons
    • Types of nerve cells- diagrammed
    • Location of different parts of the brain

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    Description

    Explore the intricacies of the Central Nervous System, including brain anatomy, neuron types, and the communication processes between neurons. This quiz covers essential concepts such as the roles of different neuron types, synaptic transmission, and the anatomy of the spinal cord. Test your understanding of how the brain and spinal cord interact to influence voluntary and involuntary movements.

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