Central and Peripheral Nervous System Overview

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Questions and Answers

What type of nerve contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons?

Sensory nerve

Motor nerve

Spinal nerve

Mixed nerve (correct)

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

24 pairs

8 pairs

12 pairs (correct)

31 pairs

What is the primary function of spinal nerves?

To produce motor responses in skeletal muscles

To connect the brain to sensory organs

To act as communication lines between the spinal cord and the body (correct)

To process sensory information

Which component of spinal nerves carries sensory information?

Posterior (dorsal) root Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about spinal nerves is correct?

Most spinal nerves are mixed nerves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of spinal nerve pairs in humans?

31 pairs Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the anterior (ventral) root of spinal nerves?

It carries motor information. Signup and view all the answers

What are the structures called that group spinal nerves?

Roots Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal root carries motor information out from the spinal cord?

Anterior root Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the phrenic nerve?

Controls diaphragm movement Signup and view all the answers

Which nerves are included in the lumbar plexus?

SN L1 thru L4 Signup and view all the answers

What is a nerve plexus?

A network of intertwined spinal nerves Signup and view all the answers

What spinal nerves contribute to the brachial plexus?

SN C5 thru T1 Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about cranial nerves is true?

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves Signup and view all the answers

Which two nerves combine to form the sciatic nerve?

Tibial and common fibular Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal nerve is shared between the lumbar and sacral plexuses?

L4 Signup and view all the answers

What does sensory information travel through to enter the spinal cord?

Posterior root Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve mnemonic helps in memorizing their functions?

Oh Once One Takes The Anatomy Final Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Central Nervous System (CNS)

The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord.
Its function is to receive information, process it, and send instructions to muscles and glands.
The brain is located inside the skull.
The spinal cord runs down the back inside the vertebral column.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

The PNS includes all the nerves outside the CNS.
It transmits messages to and from the CNS.
The PNS brings messages into (sensory) and out of (motor) the CNS.
Peripheral nerves extend from the spinal cord and brain.

Nerves

Nerves are bundles of axons.
Some nerves contain axons from both sensory and motor neurons (mixed nerves).
Other nerves contain axons from only sensory neurons (sensory nerves) or only motor neurons (motor nerves).
Spinal nerves connect to the spinal cord and are 31 pairs.
Cranial nerves connect to the brain or brainstem and are 12 pairs.

Spinal Nerves (Further Detail)

There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves that connect to the spinal cord.
Most spinal nerves are mixed nerves, containing axons from both sensory and motor neurons.
Spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord via anterior and posterior roots.
Spinal nerves have branches (rami communicantes, dorsal rami, ventral rami)

Nerve Plexuses

Spinal nerves in certain areas of the spinal cord intertwine to form networks called plexuses.
Major plexuses include cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses.

Cranial Nerves

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
Some cranial nerves are purely sensory, others are purely motor, and some are mixed.
Cranial nerves are responsible for specific functions, including sensory input, motor output, and autonomic control.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) in this quiz. Understand the structure, function, and types of nerves involved in transmitting information throughout the body. Assess your knowledge of spinal and cranial nerves.