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Questions and Answers
What should happen for an object to be stable?
What should happen for an object to be stable?
- The center of gravity should be above the head
- The center of gravity should fall outside the base of support
- The base of support should be small
- The base of support should be large (correct)
In what scenario is an object more likely to be stable?
In what scenario is an object more likely to be stable?
- When the line of gravity is outside the base of support
- When the base of support is small
- When the height of the center of gravity is far above the base of support
- When all resultant forces are zero (correct)
How does a large base of support affect stability?
How does a large base of support affect stability?
- It causes the length of gravity to move outside the base
- It decreases stability
- It increases stability (correct)
- It has no effect on stability
Which factor does not affect stability?
Which factor does not affect stability?
What defines balance in terms of the line of gravity and base of support?
What defines balance in terms of the line of gravity and base of support?
Where is the center of gravity (COG) located in a symmetrical object?
Where is the center of gravity (COG) located in a symmetrical object?
What is the impact on the COG when segments are not equal in mass?
What is the impact on the COG when segments are not equal in mass?
In which vertebra does the center of gravity (COG) approximately lie in the human body?
In which vertebra does the center of gravity (COG) approximately lie in the human body?
What changes as the body moves in space?
What changes as the body moves in space?
What does the resultant force represent?
What does the resultant force represent?
Where can the center of gravity (COG) be situated in an asymmetrical object?
Where can the center of gravity (COG) be situated in an asymmetrical object?
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Study Notes
Factors Affecting Stability
- The shape and size of the base of support depend on the position of the feet and hands and the use of extra support.
- The surface area of the base of support affects stability.
- The location of the center of gravity within the base of support affects stability.
- The height of the center of gravity above the base of support affects stability.
- The mass of the body affects stability.
Center of Gravity (COG)
- The COG is the point at which all the mass of an object or segment appears to be concentrated and can be exactly balanced.
- In symmetrical objects, the COG is located in the geometric center of the object.
- In asymmetrical objects, the COG is located toward the heavier end and may lie within or outside the object or segment.
Line of Gravity (LOG)
- The LOG is a vertical line passing through the COG towards the center of the earth.
- Each segment of the body has its own COG and LOG.
Resultant Force
- If two or more segments are going to move together as a single rigid segment, two gravity vectors can be composed into one new vector, known as the resultant force.
- The new COG is located between and in line with the two segmental center of gravity.
- If linked segments are not equal in mass, the new center of gravity will lie closer to the heavier segment.
Equilibrium and Balance
- Balance occurs when the line of gravity falls within the base of support.
- Equilibrium occurs when all resultant forces and moments are equal to zero.
Human Body COG and Movement
- When considered as a single rigid object in anatomic position, the COG of the human body lies approximately anterior to the S2 vertebra.
- As the body moves in space, the COG and LOG change their relative position or alignment.
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