Questions and Answers
Whales are neither dolphins nor porpoises.
True
Seven plus three equals eight.
False
Personal computers were made possible by the invention of the transistor.
True
Chicken and tuna are both good sources of protein.
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Is the following statement set an argument? S1: All crabs are crustaceans S2: All hermit crabs are crabs. S3: Therefore, all hermit crabs are crustaceans.
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Does Sentence Set B meet the criteria for an argument? S1: Don't listen to your parents when they tell you to get a traditional college education.
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Is Sentence Set C an argument? S1: The proposed highway expansion should be rejected S2: Evidence suggests that bigger freeways often have even more traffic problems than smaller ones. S3: The highway expansion will also place an unnecessary tax burden on the county.
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Is Sentence Set D an argument? S1: Toasting marshmallows is a sufficient condition for a good camping trip.
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What is S1 in the sentence set? S1: Libraries are now unnecessary and should be closed S2: This is because you can do most research today online from your home or office rather than in a library. S3: In addition, many libraries have outdated reference materials.
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Is this sentence set an argument? S1: How dare you forget my birthday? S2: Don't you remember the wonderful present I bought for you last year? S3: You'd better hope I don't tell my mother that you forgot my birthday!
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Is this sentence set an argument? S1: Why can't we toast marshmallows around the campfire? S2: Don't you remember how much fun we had toasting them last year? S3: I'm not going camping with you, then!
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Is this sentence set an argument? S1: Dr. Sullivan, how could you possibly suggest giving my husband a painful cancer treatment when he has only two weeks to live? S2: What if the treatment isn't successful? S3: Would you want your spouse to suffer even more during her final two weeks?
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What is the conclusion of the following statement? Science fiction encourages a healthy imagination. This imagination can help you envision different ways the world could be. Moreover, science fiction often presents an optimistic vision of the future.
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What is the main point of the following statement? Scissors are not a toy. If you run with scissors, then you could get hurt. You could poke your eye out or cut yourself with the scissors if you fall.
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What does Thomas Aquinas argue regarding human existence? According to Thomas Aquinas, God is a necessarily existing being. Created beings, by contrast, are contingent rather than necessary.
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Study Notes
Statements and Truth Values
- Whales do not belong to the categories of dolphins or porpoises; this is a true statement.
- The equation "seven plus three equals eight" is false; hence it is also a statement.
- The invention of the transistor enabled the production of personal computers, affirming its truth.
- Chicken and tuna are identified as good protein sources, making this a true statement.
Arguments and Statements
- Statement set A supports the argument that all hermit crabs are crustaceans based on two prior truths about crabs and hermit crabs.
- Statement set B fails to form an argument as it contains a command rather than strictly truth-valued statements.
- Statement set C presents an argument that the proposed highway expansion should be rejected, supported by two statements about traffic problems and tax burdens.
- Statement set D articulates an argument for a good camping trip based on the conditions of toasting marshmallows.
Clarifications on Arguments
- S1 in statement set regarding libraries serves as the conclusion and is backed by supporting statements regarding online research and outdated materials.
- Some sentence sets (e.g., S1 relating to birthday celebrations and S1 concerning marshmallow toasting) do not form arguments due to lack of supporting statements.
- S1-S3 relating to a medical treatment question does not present an argument but rather expresses an inquiry and hypothetical situation.
Concluding Statements
- Science fiction is posited as beneficial for developing one's worldview and fostering imagination about the future.
- A cautionary stance against running with scissors is presented, underscoring safety due to potential injury risks.
- The theological argument presented by Thomas Aquinas asserts that the concept of a natural right to life conflicts with theism, given the contingent nature of created beings.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards focused on logical statements and their truth values, including examples about whales, arithmetic, and personal computers. Test your understanding of statements and the criteria for them to be considered true or false.
