Podcast
Questions and Answers
If no one knows whether a statement is true or false, then it is neither true nor false.
If no one knows whether a statement is true or false, then it is neither true nor false.
False (B)
If a person sincerely believes that a statement is true, then it is true for that person.
If a person sincerely believes that a statement is true, then it is true for that person.
False (B)
If there is no way to tell whether a statement is true or false, then it is neither true nor false.
If there is no way to tell whether a statement is true or false, then it is neither true nor false.
False (B)
If everyone (or nearly everyone) believes that a statement is true, then it is true.
If everyone (or nearly everyone) believes that a statement is true, then it is true.
A statement can be 'true-for' one person, but not 'true-for' another person.
A statement can be 'true-for' one person, but not 'true-for' another person.
Every genuine statement is either true or false.
Every genuine statement is either true or false.
Some statements are both true and not-true (false) at the same time.
Some statements are both true and not-true (false) at the same time.
Whether a statement is true depends only on what the statement says and whether this corresponds to the facts.
Whether a statement is true depends only on what the statement says and whether this corresponds to the facts.
All valid arguments have true conclusions.
All valid arguments have true conclusions.
No valid argument has a false conclusion.
No valid argument has a false conclusion.
All arguments have to have exactly two premises and one conclusion.
All arguments have to have exactly two premises and one conclusion.
All circular arguments are valid (though not strong).
All circular arguments are valid (though not strong).
It is possible for a cogent argument to be sound.
It is possible for a cogent argument to be sound.
Deductive reasoning involves the use of cogent argument patterns.
Deductive reasoning involves the use of cogent argument patterns.
Inductive reasoning involves the use of valid argument patterns.
Inductive reasoning involves the use of valid argument patterns.
If an argument has all true premises and a true conclusion, then it must be valid.
If an argument has all true premises and a true conclusion, then it must be valid.
If an argument has all false premises and a false conclusion, then it must be invalid.
If an argument has all false premises and a false conclusion, then it must be invalid.
It is possible to have a valid argument with all true premises and a false conclusion.
It is possible to have a valid argument with all true premises and a false conclusion.
It is possible to have a cogent argument with all true premises and a false conclusion.
It is possible to have a cogent argument with all true premises and a false conclusion.
If a valid argument has a false conclusion, then at least one premise must be false.
If a valid argument has a false conclusion, then at least one premise must be false.
If a valid argument has a true conclusion, then at least one premise must be true.
If a valid argument has a true conclusion, then at least one premise must be true.
An argument can be valid and cogent at the same time.
An argument can be valid and cogent at the same time.
All cogent arguments are invalid.
All cogent arguments are invalid.
All invalid arguments are ill-formed.
All invalid arguments are ill-formed.
All ill-formed arguments are invalid.
All ill-formed arguments are invalid.
All strong arguments have true premises.
All strong arguments have true premises.
All strong arguments are valid.
All strong arguments are valid.
All valid arguments are strong.
All valid arguments are strong.
No strong argument has false premises.
No strong argument has false premises.
Flashcards
Statement truth
Statement truth
Statements must be either true or false.
Truth and belief
Truth and belief
A statement's truth doesn't depend on anyone's belief.
Valid argument
Valid argument
If premises are true, conclusion MUST be true.
Invalid argument
Invalid argument
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Cogent argument
Cogent argument
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Sound argument
Sound argument
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Relationship between validity and truth
Relationship between validity and truth
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Strong argument
Strong argument
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Circular argument
Circular argument
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Deductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
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Inductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
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Ill-formed argument
Ill-formed argument
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Invalid argument types
Invalid argument types
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Valid argument format
Valid argument format
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Study Notes
True or False Statements
- Statements lacking a way to determine truth are considered neither true nor false, which is false.
- A person's sincere belief does not determine the truth of a statement; this is false.
- Again, if there is uncertainty, the statement is neither true nor false; this is false.
- The belief of a majority does not make a statement true; therefore, this claim is false.
- Different individuals cannot hold differing truths about a statement, marking this statement as false.
Truth Values of Statements
- Every genuine statement must be categorized as either true or false; this is true.
- A statement cannot simultaneously be both true and false; this claim is false.
- Determining the truth of a statement relies solely on the statement's content and its alignment with facts; this is true.
Validity and Arguments
- Not all valid arguments necessarily have true conclusions; this statement is false.
- Conversely, some valid arguments can indeed have false conclusions; this is also false.
- Arguments do not require a strict structure of two premises and one conclusion, making this claim false.
- Although circular arguments can be considered valid, they are not typically strong; this is true.
Cogency and Soundness
- A cogent argument cannot be sound, signifying this statement as false.
- Deductive reasoning does not rely on patterns of cogent arguments, thus this statement is false.
- Inductive reasoning does not use valid argument patterns, which denotes this claim as false.
- True premises combined with a true conclusion do not guarantee validity, highlighting this as false.
- An argument can yield false conclusions despite having all false premises, making this statement false.
- Validity can exist even if an argument has all true premises and a false conclusion; this is false.
Relationship Between Validity and Truth
- It is indeed possible to have a cogent argument with true premises but a false conclusion, which is true.
- A valid argument with a false conclusion necessitates at least one false premise; this claim is true.
- Valid arguments can have true conclusions without all premises being true, signifying this statement as false.
- Arguments can be both valid and cogent simultaneously; this assertion is false.
- All cogent arguments are categorized as invalid; this statement is true.
Forms of Argument
- Not all invalid arguments are poorly structured, validating this claim as false.
- However, it is true that all ill-formed arguments are classified as invalid.
- Strong arguments do not necessarily contain true premises; hence, this statement is false.
- Similarly, not all strong arguments can be deemed valid; this claim is false.
- Finally, it is false that no strong arguments possess false premises.
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