Cellular Respiration Study Guide - Parts I & II

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Questions and Answers

What is the main molecule used during cellular respiration?

  • Fructose
  • Glucose (correct)
  • Glycogen
  • Lactate

Which compound is reduced in the equation of cellular respiration?

  • Glucose
  • NAD+ (correct)
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Oxygen

Which of the following best describes glycolysis?

  • It consists of a single step that generates ATP directly.
  • It occurs in the mitochondria and requires oxygen.
  • It occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. (correct)
  • It is a process that only breaks down fatty acids.

What are the net products of glycolysis?

<p>2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cellular respiration occurs after glycolysis?

<p>Citric acid cycle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the catabolic pathway of cellular respiration?

<p>Glucose is oxidized to release energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of glycolysis is ATP consumed?

<p>Energy investment phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to glucose during catabolism?

<p>It is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes anabolic pathways in metabolism?

<p>They synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary energy carrier molecule that transports electrons during the oxidation of glucose?

<p>NADH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of processes occurring in catabolic pathways?

<p>They produce energy by breaking down molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines oxidation in terms of cellular respiration?

<p>Losing electrons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the glycolysis pathway phases?

<p>The energy investment phase and energy recovery phase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During cellular respiration, what compound is primarily oxidized?

<p>Glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organelle does glycolysis take place?

<p>Cytoplasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which additional catabolic pathway is associated with cellular respiration?

<p>Fermentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Glycolysis Major Phases

Energy investment phase (ATP is used) and energy payoff phase (ATP is produced).

Glycolysis Location

Cytoplasm

Glycolysis Net Products

2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 Pyruvate

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Oxidation

Loss of electrons.

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Reduction

Gain of electrons.

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Electron Carrier in Cellular Respiration

NAD+

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Main Catabolic Pathway

Cellular Respiration

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Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Energy flows from the sun into producers (plants), then to consumers, and eventually is lost as heat. Chemical elements like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are recycled within the ecosystem.

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Catabolic Pathways: Breakdown

Metabolic processes that break down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy. Examples include cellular respiration and digestion.

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Oxidation in Cellular Respiration

Glucose is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons. Electrons are transferred to electron carriers, like NAD+, reducing them to NADH.

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Stages of Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis (cytoplasm), pyruvate oxidation (mitochondrial matrix), Krebs cycle (mitochondrial matrix), and oxidative phosphorylation (inner mitochondrial membrane).

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Electron Carrier: NAD+

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important electron carrier in cellular respiration, accepting electrons during oxidation of glucose to form NADH.

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Glycolysis Phases

Energy investment phase, where ATP is used to activate glucose, and energy payoff phase, where ATP is produced.

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Study Notes

Cellular Respiration Study Guide - Part I

  • Energy flows through ecosystems, using essential chemical elements for life processes.
  • Metabolism has two main types: anabolic (biosynthetic) and catabolic (breakdown).
  • Anabolic pathways build molecules while catabolic pathways break them down.
  • Cellular respiration is a major catabolic pathway.
  • The main molecule used in cellular respiration is glucose.
  • The equation for cellular respiration is not provided.
  • Other catabolic pathways exist besides cellular respiration.
  • Glucose is oxidized during cellular respiration.

Cellular Respiration - Part II

  • Oxidation involves loss of electrons; reduction involves gain of electrons.
  • Redox reactions are crucial in cellular respiration.
  • During respiration, a specific compound is oxidized, and another is reduced. The compounds involved are not named.
  • Cellular respiration involves distinct stages; the specific steps and results are not detailed.
  • A molecule named NAD+ carries electrons during glucose oxidation.
  • The equation for NAD+ reduction is not supplied.

Glycolysis

  • Glycolysis has two main phases, though the names or reasons for these names are not mentioned.
  • Glycolysis produces specific net products, though the exact number of each product is not given.
  • Glycolysis occurs in a specific location inside cells.

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