Cellular Respiration Quiz

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What is the main role of ATP in cellular respiration?

It transports organic molecules into cells.

It stores chemical energy in a stable form.

It facilitates redox reactions.

It powers cellular work. (correct)

Which term describes the process that partially breaks down sugars without the use of oxygen?

Oxidation

Anaerobic respiration

Fermentation (correct)

Aerobic respiration

In cellular respiration, what happens to glucose?

It is synthesized to produce energy.

It is oxidized to release energy. (correct)

It is completely degraded without any energy yield.

It remains unchanged throughout the process.

What is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, anaerobic does not. Signup and view all the answers

What role does NAD+ play in cellular respiration?

It functions as a coenzyme and electron carrier. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the electron transport chain?

It accepts electrons in a series of redox reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What process represents the loss of electrons in a redox reaction?

Oxidation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases is released during cellular respiration?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is known as the oxidizing agent in a redox reaction?

Electron receptor Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration?

O2 Signup and view all the answers

How much ATP is produced per glucose molecule during fermentation?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organisms can utilize both fermentation and cellular respiration?

Facultative anaerobes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of glycolysis in metabolism?

Funnel electrons from a wide range of carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is feedback inhibition in the context of cellular respiration?

A method of controlling enzyme activity at strategic points Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is primarily used by glycolysis from fats?

Glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

To act as an electron acceptor Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cellular respiration is responsible for the majority of ATP synthesis?

Oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What is produced when NADH is oxidized?

NAD+ Signup and view all the answers

How does the electron transport chain function compared to an uncontrolled reaction?

It passes electrons in a series of steps Signup and view all the answers

What drives the process of oxidative phosphorylation?

Redox reactions Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs first in cellular respiration?

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

What do electrons transported by NADH ultimately contribute to within the electron transport chain?

The synthesis of ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain?

It pulls electrons down the chain Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the controlled release of energy through the electron transport chain?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the reduced form of NAD+ called?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major phases of glycolysis?

Energy investment phase and energy payoff phase Signup and view all the answers

Where does the citric acid cycle take place?

In the mitochondrial matrix Signup and view all the answers

What must pyruvate be converted to before entering the citric acid cycle?

Acetyl CoA Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are generated per turn of the citric acid cycle?

1 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What role do NADH and FADH2 play after the citric acid cycle?

They act as electron donors in the electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when oxygen receives electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?

H2O Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding substrate-level phosphorylation?

It occurs in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

O2 Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecule is produced by the citric acid cycle in addition to ATP?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy of electrons as they move down the electron transport chain?

They drop in free energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain?

To break the energy drop from food to O2 into smaller steps Signup and view all the answers

How does ATP synthase generate ATP?

Using the proton-motive force from the movement of H+ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes chemiosmosis?

The coupling of redox reactions to ATP synthesis via a H+ gradient Signup and view all the answers

During anaerobic respiration, which substance can be used as an alternate electron acceptor?

Sulfate Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration?

Fermentation regenerates NAD+ without an electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

How is alcohol fermentation initiated?

By converting pyruvate to ethanol in two steps and releasing CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What role does NAD+ play in fermentation?

Regenerating to allow continuous glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is lactic acid fermentation commonly utilized in?

Production of cheese and yogurt Signup and view all the answers

Which process can occur under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?