Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
To create cell energy (ATP)
What happens to carbohydrates during cellular respiration?
They are broken down and they release the energy. It's also used to combine ADP with another phosphate group to form ATP.
What is chemical energy in a cell called?
ATP
What does ATP stand for?
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What is one product of cellular respiration?
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How do animals get rid of carbon dioxide?
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What body system is involved with removing carbon dioxide?
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Is oxygen a product or a reactant of respiration?
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What is the formula for photosynthesis?
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Where is photosynthesis located in the cell?
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What is the formula for cellular respiration?
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Where is cellular respiration located?
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Genetic alteration probably refers to altering what?
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A calorie is what?
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The calorie used on food labels is equal to what?
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A calorie is referred to as what?
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Cells use the energy stored in chemical bonds of foods to produce compounds that directly power the cell's activities, such as what?
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If cellular respiration took place in just one step, most of the ____ would be lost in the form of light and _____
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Where does cellular respiration begin?
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Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?
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At the end of glycolysis, about ___ percent of the chemical energy is locked in the bonds of the _____ molecule.
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Cellular respiration continues in the _____ of the cell with the ________ and electron transport chain.
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Do the energy flows in photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in the opposite direction?
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Do photosynthesis deposits energy in Earth's 'savings account' for living organisms?
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Cellular respiration removes carbon dioxide from the air.
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Does photosynthesis take place in nearly all life?
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What is the function of photosynthesis?
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Where is the location of reactions in photosynthesis?
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What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
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What are the products of photosynthesis?
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What is the function of cellular respiration?
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What are the products of cellular respiration?
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Why is it an investment for the cell to use two ATP at the beginning of glycolysis?
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What are 2 advantages of glycolysis?
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The pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis enters the ___ chloroplasts __ if oxygen is present in a cell.
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In the matrix, pyruvic acid is converted to __ lactic __ acid before the Krebs Cycle begins?
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Does the compound that joins with a 4-carbon molecule in the Krebs Cycle is called __ acetyl-CoA __?
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Is __ carbon dioxide __ the only product of the Krebs Cycle that is not reused or used in other stages of cellular respiration?
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Study Notes
Cellular Respiration Overview
- Cellular respiration generates ATP, the energy currency of cells.
- Carbohydrates are broken down during cellular respiration to release stored energy and produce ATP.
Key Components of Cellular Respiration
- ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate, which stores and supplies energy for cellular processes.
- One significant byproduct of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide, which is expelled from the body through exhalation via the lungs.
Reactants and Products
- Oxygen serves as a reactant in the respiration process.
- The chemical formula for cellular respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy, indicating the conversion of glucose and oxygen into water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
Location of Processes
- Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of cells.
- Glycolysis, the initial step of cellular respiration, takes place in the cytoplasm.
Glycolysis and Energy Flow
- At the end of glycolysis, about 90% of chemical energy remains in pyruvic acid.
- After glycolysis, the process continues in the mitochondria through the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
Relationship with Photosynthesis
- The energy flow in photosynthesis and cellular respiration moves in opposite directions.
- Photosynthesis captures energy to synthesize glucose and oxygen, whereas cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy.
Energy Units
- A calorie is defined as a unit of energy, often referred to as a kilocalorie in dietary contexts.
Glycolysis Investment
- Two ATP are used at the start of glycolysis as an energy investment, but this initial cost leads to a greater yield of ATP.
- Glycolysis is advantageous because it does not require oxygen and proceeds quickly.
Pyruvic Acid Conversion
- Pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis is converted into acetic acid, not lactic acid, before entering the Krebs cycle.
Krebs Cycle
- Acetyl-CoA joins with a four-carbon molecule in the Krebs cycle to facilitate energy production.
- Carbon dioxide is the sole product of the Krebs cycle that is released without being reused in other cellular respiration stages.
Photosynthesis Contributions
- Photosynthesis involves water and carbon dioxide as reactants, producing glucose and oxygen.
- Photosynthesis functions to capture energy, whereas cellular respiration allows organisms to harness energy from food using available oxygen.
Importance of Cellular Respiration
- Cellular respiration plays a critical role in energy generation for cellular processes, allowing organisms to maintain vital functions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on cellular respiration with these flashcards! This quiz covers key concepts, including the purpose of cellular respiration, the role of carbohydrates, and the chemical energy within the cells. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of this essential biological process.
