Questions and Answers
Where does glycolysis take place in a cell?
How many ATP molecules are produced in the process of glycolysis?
What is the byproduct of glycolysis?
What is the name of the process by which pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl Co-A?
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Where does the Kreb's cycle take place in a cell?
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What is the name of the pathway by which glucose is converted into pyruvic acid?
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What is the total ATP production during aerobic respiration?
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How many NAD molecules are reduced to NADH2 during glycolysis?
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What is the name of the cycle that converts pyruvic acid, fatty acids, fats, and amino acids into CO2 and water?
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Where does the Electron Transport System (ETS) take place?
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How many ATP molecules are produced during the Krebs Cycle for each glucose molecule?
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What is the net gain of ATP molecules during cellular respiration?
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What is the purpose of the Electron Transport System (ETS)?
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How many ATP molecules are produced from 1 NADH2 during the Electron Transport System?
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What is the role of the Krebs Cycle in cellular respiration?
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In which part of the cell does the Kreb cycle take place?
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How many ATP molecules are produced from 1 FADH2 during the Electron Transport System?
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What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
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What is the byproduct of glycolysis?
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How many ATP molecules are produced during aerobic respiration?
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What is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
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In which type of cells does anaerobic respiration occur?
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What is the purpose of oxidation of food in cellular respiration?
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During vigorous exercise, what is the end product of anaerobic respiration in muscles?
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Study Notes
Respiration Process
- Respiration occurs in three stages: glycolysis, Kreb cycle, and electron transport system.
- Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose during digestion.
- Glucose is converted into pyruvic acid in glycolysis.
Glycolysis
- Also known as the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway.
- Takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell.
- Glucose is converted into pyruvic acid in the presence of many enzymes and co-enzymes.
- Oxygen is not required during glycolysis.
- 1 molecule of glucose gives rise to 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.
- Net gain of 2 ATP molecules during glycolysis.
- 2 NAD molecules are reduced to 2 NADH2, which later produces 6 ATP molecules.
- Net production of ATP in glycolysis is 8 ATP.
Types of Respiration
- Aerobic respiration: oxidation of food takes place in the presence of oxygen.
- Anaerobic respiration: oxidation of food material does not require oxygen.
Aerobic Respiration
- Food is converted into pyruvic acid in the cytoplasm.
- Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl Co-A with the release of CO2.
- Kreb cycle occurs in the mitochondria, producing 6CO2, 6H2O, and 38 ATP.
Anaerobic Respiration
- Occurs in yeast, producing 2C2H5OH, 2CO2, and 2 ATP.
- Occurs in muscles, producing lactic acid and 2 ATP.
Difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
- Aerobic respiration occurs in all living cells of higher plants, requires oxygen, and produces CO2 and H2O.
- Anaerobic respiration occurs in bacteria, certain fungi, germinating seeds, and muscle cells, does not require oxygen, and produces alcohol or lactic acid.
Kreb Cycle
- Also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or citric acid cycle.
- Takes place in the mitochondria.
- Brings about the conversion of pyruvic acid, fatty acids, fats, and amino acids into CO2 and water by oxidation.
- Is the common path for oxidation of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
- Starts with acetyl Co-A, which is then converted into several intermediate compounds with the release of ATP, hydrogen atoms, and NADH2 and FADH2.
Electron Transport System (ETS)
- Takes place in the mitochondria.
- Hydrogen atoms produced during oxidation are broken into protons and electrons.
- These protons and electrons combine with oxygen to form water molecules.
- 1 NADH2 releases 3 ATP molecules and 1 FADH2 gives 2 ATP molecules.
- Net gain of ATP molecules during respiration is 38 ATP molecules.
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Description
This quiz covers the three stages of cellular respiration: glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, and electron transport system. It explains how glucose is broken down to produce energy for the cell.
