13 Questions
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?
To pump protons out of the matrix and create a gradient
What is the byproduct of oxygen accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?
Water
Which stage of cellular respiration can occur in the absence of oxygen?
Glycolysis
What is the role of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?
To convert protons back into ATP
Which stages of cellular respiration require oxygen?
Pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in oxidative phosphorylation?
To generate ATP through the movement of electrons
What is the byproduct of pyruvate oxidation in the mitochondrial matrix?
Acetyl CoA and NADH
What is the role of electron carriers in the electron transport chain?
To transfer electrons from glucose to the electron transport chain
What is the end product of glycolysis?
Pyruvate and ATP
What is the function of Coenzyme A in pyruvate oxidation?
To convert pyruvate into acetyl CoA
What is the primary site of ATP production during cellular respiration?
Oxidative phosphorylation
What is the byproduct of the citric acid cycle?
ATP, NADH, and FADH2
What is the role of the mitochondrial matrix in cellular respiration?
To convert pyruvate into acetyl CoA
Study Notes
Cellular Respiration
- Cellular respiration is the process of breaking down glucose into carbon dioxide and water, producing ATP along the way.
- ATP is produced directly in the reactions that transform glucose, and more ATP is produced later in oxidative phosphorylation.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Oxidative phosphorylation is powered by the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain, a series of proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- Electrons come from glucose and are shuttled to the electron transport chain by electron carriers, which become reduced when they gain electrons.
The Four Stages of Cellular Respiration
- Glycolysis: glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate, a three-carbon organic molecule, producing ATP and NADH.
- Pyruvate Oxidation: pyruvate is converted into a two-carbon molecule bound to Coenzyme A, releasing carbon dioxide and generating NADH and FADH2.
- Citric Acid Cycle: acetyl CoA combines with a four-carbon molecule, producing ATP, NADH, FADH2, and releasing carbon dioxide.
- Oxidative Phosphorylation: electrons from NADH and FADH2 deposit their electrons in the electron transport chain, producing ATP and water.
Additional Key Facts
- Fermentation is a process that can occur without oxygen, where glycolysis takes place.
- The other three stages of cellular respiration – pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation – require oxygen to occur.
- Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.
Learn about the process of cellular respiration, including the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, and the role of oxidative phosphorylation in producing ATP.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
