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Questions and Answers
Which of the following correctly describes aerobic cellular respiration?
Which of the following correctly describes aerobic cellular respiration?
- Occurs only in single-celled organisms like yeast.
- Produces a small amount of ATP and occurs in the cytosol.
- Requires glucose and oxygen to produce a high yield of ATP. (correct)
- Involves the immediate conversion of glucose to ethanol.
What is the primary function of ATP in cellular processes?
What is the primary function of ATP in cellular processes?
- It facilitates the fermentation process in anaerobic conditions.
- It acts as a genetic material for cellular replication.
- It provides a readily usable form of energy for cells. (correct)
- It serves as a structural component of the cell membrane.
What occurs during glycolysis in the process of aerobic respiration?
What occurs during glycolysis in the process of aerobic respiration?
- Glucose is split into two pyruvic acids. (correct)
- Glucose is completely oxidized into carbon dioxide and water.
- Oxygen is produced as a byproduct.
- ATP is generated only in the mitochondria.
Which statement about anaerobic respiration is true?
Which statement about anaerobic respiration is true?
What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?
What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?
Flashcards
What is ATP?
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that stores and releases energy within cells. It consists of three phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and an adenine molecule.
What is aerobic respiration?
What is aerobic respiration?
A process that occurs in the presence of oxygen, breaking down glucose to produce energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
What is glycolysis?
What is glycolysis?
The first stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm. Glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
What is ethanol fermentation?
What is ethanol fermentation?
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What is the mitochondria?
What is the mitochondria?
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Study Notes
Cellular Respiration
- Photosynthesis: carbon dioxide + water + solar energy = glucose + oxygen + water
ATP
- Adenosine triphosphate
- Consists of 3 phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and an adenine molecule (nitrogen base - purine)
- A form of energy used by all cells
- Created through cellular respiration
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
- Produces large amounts of ATP (energy)
- glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + 36 ATP molecules
- Occurs in several stages
- Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
- First stage, does require oxygen
- Glucose splits into two pyruvic acids (pyruvates)
- The next stage occurs in the mitochondria
- 2 pyruvates + oxygen → carbon dioxide + ATP
- Inner mitochondrial membrane folding increases surface area for aerobic cellular respiration.
- Cells that require more energy (example: muscle cells) have more mitochondria
- Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
Anaerobic Respiration
- Ethanol fermentation
- glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide + 2 ATP
- Occurs within the cytosol
- Occurs in single-celled organisms (e.g., yeast, bacteria)
- Used in the production of bread, wine, beer, and soy products
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