Cellular Respiration ATP Production Quiz

What is the net gain of ATP molecules from glycolysis?

2 ATP

How many ATP molecules are produced from NADH in the citric acid cycle?

24 ATP

What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration?

To generate ATP efficiently

What are the end products of protein catabolism?

Amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors?

Gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are produced from FADH2 in the citric acid cycle?

4 ATP Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions.

Anabolic reactions build complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy. Catabolic reactions break down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy. Signup and view all the answers

Why do cells synthesize organic components?

Cells synthesize organic components for structural maintenance, growth support, secretion production, and nutrient reserve storage. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the basic steps in glycolysis.

In glycolysis, glucose is converted to glucose-6-phosphate, then to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, followed by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Finally, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is converted to pyruvate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy yield of glycolysis and cellular respiration?

Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules, while cellular respiration produces a total of 36-38 ATP molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Compare glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to produce energy, while gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADH in glycolysis?

NADH is generated in glycolysis from NAD during the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of high-density lipoproteins in the body?

Transport excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the liver for storage or secretion in bile Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process by which chylomicrons are absorbed and distributed in the body.

Chylomicrons are absorbed into intestinal mucosa, converted from micelles, secreted by intestinal cells, absorbed into lacteals, proceed within the lymphatic vessels and thoracic duct, and then distributed throughout the body. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between transamination and deamination during amino acid catabolism.

Transamination involves the transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to a keto acid, while deamination involves the removal of an amino group from an amino acid without transferring it to another molecule. Signup and view all the answers

Why are proteins considered an impractical source of quick energy?

Proteins are impractical for quick energy because they need to be converted to amino acids, then to glucose or ketone bodies, before being used for energy production. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of lipoprotein lipase in the process of protein metabolism.

Lipoprotein lipase breaks down chylomicrons into fatty acids and monoglycerides, releasing them into the interstitial fluid. Signup and view all the answers

How do resting skeletal muscles and adipocytes utilize fatty acids absorbed from chylomicrons?

Resting skeletal muscles break down fatty acids for ATP production or storage as glycogen, while adipocytes use fatty acids to synthesize triglycerides for storage. Signup and view all the answers