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Questions and Answers
To perform various functions, each cell of an organism requires ______.
To perform various functions, each cell of an organism requires ______.
energy
The breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called ______ ______.
The breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called ______ ______.
cellular respiration
When the breakdown of glucose occurs with the use of oxygen, it is called ______ respiration.
When the breakdown of glucose occurs with the use of oxygen, it is called ______ respiration.
aerobic
Organisms like yeast, which can survive in the absence of air, are called ______.
Organisms like yeast, which can survive in the absence of air, are called ______.
The partial breakdown of glucose in muscle cells during anaerobic respiration produces ______ ______, which leads to muscle cramps.
The partial breakdown of glucose in muscle cells during anaerobic respiration produces ______ ______, which leads to muscle cramps.
Taking in air rich in oxygen into the body is called ______, while giving out air rich in carbon dioxide is known as ______.
Taking in air rich in oxygen into the body is called ______, while giving out air rich in carbon dioxide is known as ______.
The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as the ______ ______.
The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as the ______ ______.
When we inhale air, it passes through our nostrils into the ______, which then leads to the lungs.
When we inhale air, it passes through our nostrils into the ______, which then leads to the lungs.
The lungs are located in the ______ cavity, surrounded by ribs on the sides.
The lungs are located in the ______ cavity, surrounded by ribs on the sides.
A large, muscular sheet called the ______ forms the floor of the chest cavity and aids in breathing.
A large, muscular sheet called the ______ forms the floor of the chest cavity and aids in breathing.
During inhalation, the ribs move ______ and ______, while the diaphragm moves ______ to increase space in the chest cavity.
During inhalation, the ribs move ______ and ______, while the diaphragm moves ______ to increase space in the chest cavity.
During exhalation, ribs move down and inwards, while the ______ moves up to its former position, reducing the size of the chest cavity.
During exhalation, ribs move down and inwards, while the ______ moves up to its former position, reducing the size of the chest cavity.
[Blank] damages lungs.
[Blank] damages lungs.
Air we inhale or exhale is a ______ of gases, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.
Air we inhale or exhale is a ______ of gases, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.
Insects have a network of air tubes called ______ for gas exchange.
Insects have a network of air tubes called ______ for gas exchange.
The small openings on the sides of an insect's body that lead to the tracheal system are called ______.
The small openings on the sides of an insect's body that lead to the tracheal system are called ______.
[Blank] breathe through their skins.
[Blank] breathe through their skins.
Leaves of the plants have tiny pores called ______ for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Leaves of the plants have tiny pores called ______ for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
In plants, each part can independently take in oxygen from the air and give out ______ ______.
In plants, each part can independently take in oxygen from the air and give out ______ ______.
Like all other living cells of the plants, the ______ cells need oxygen to generate energy.
Like all other living cells of the plants, the ______ cells need oxygen to generate energy.
Yeast cells respire ______ and produce alcohol during this process.
Yeast cells respire ______ and produce alcohol during this process.
In humans, during physical activity, the rate of ______ increases to supply more oxygen to the cells.
In humans, during physical activity, the rate of ______ increases to supply more oxygen to the cells.
The air tubes in insects that facilitate gas exchange are known as ______.
The air tubes in insects that facilitate gas exchange are known as ______.
Taking a hot water bath after heavy exercise helps to relieve muscle cramps by improving ______ of blood.
Taking a hot water bath after heavy exercise helps to relieve muscle cramps by improving ______ of blood.
Most animals breathe through lungs, but ______ can respire through their skin as well.
Most animals breathe through lungs, but ______ can respire through their skin as well.
The process during which the lungs expand and air enters the body is known as ______.
The process during which the lungs expand and air enters the body is known as ______.
In earthworms, gases easily pass through their skin, which is always ______ and slimy.
In earthworms, gases easily pass through their skin, which is always ______ and slimy.
Most organisms respire to get ______ from food for their survival.
Most organisms respire to get ______ from food for their survival.
The percentage of oxygen in exhaled air is usually ______ than in inhaled air.
The percentage of oxygen in exhaled air is usually ______ than in inhaled air.
The process in the human body during which air rich in carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs is termed ______.
The process in the human body during which air rich in carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs is termed ______.
The air we breathe in enters the body through the nostrils and passes into the ______.
The air we breathe in enters the body through the nostrils and passes into the ______.
The lungs are present in the ______, which is surrounded by ribs on its side for protection.
The lungs are present in the ______, which is surrounded by ribs on its side for protection.
Insects have small openings called ______ on the sides of their bodies through which air enters.
Insects have small openings called ______ on the sides of their bodies through which air enters.
Unlike humans, roots of plants take in air from the spaces present between the ______.
Unlike humans, roots of plants take in air from the spaces present between the ______.
The process by which air is forced out of lungs is the process of ______.
The process by which air is forced out of lungs is the process of ______.
The process during which plant leaves exchange gases through tiny spores is called ______.
The process during which plant leaves exchange gases through tiny spores is called ______.
Aerobic respiration uses ______ to breakdown the products.
Aerobic respiration uses ______ to breakdown the products.
During ______ ribs move upwards and outwards.
During ______ ribs move upwards and outwards.
[Blank] helps in breathing but is harmful for lungs.
[Blank] helps in breathing but is harmful for lungs.
Flashcards
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
The process of breaking down food in the cell with the release of energy.
Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
The breakdown of glucose using oxygen to produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
The breakdown of glucose without using oxygen to produce energy.
Yeasts
Yeasts
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Inhalation
Inhalation
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Exhalation
Exhalation
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Breathing Rate
Breathing Rate
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Nasal Cavity
Nasal Cavity
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Lungs
Lungs
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Chest Cavity
Chest Cavity
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Diaphragm
Diaphragm
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Spiracles
Spiracles
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Tracheae
Tracheae
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Gills
Gills
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Stomata
Stomata
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Study Notes
- All living organisms conduct respiration to derive energy from food.
- Breathing involves inhaling air containing oxygen and exhaling air rich in carbon dioxide.
- Air that is breathed in is channeled to all regions of the body and reaches each cell.
- The oxygen present in the air facilitates the disintegration of food within cells.
- Cellular respiration occurs within the cells of all organisms.
Cellular Respiration
- During cellular respiration, food (glucose) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water using oxygen.
- Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to break down glucose.
- Anaerobic respiration breaks down food without using oxygen.
- Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration release energy.
Anaerobes
- Some organisms, like yeast, are able to survive without air and are known as anaerobes.
- Anaerobes obtain energy through anaerobic respiration.
- In the absence of oxygen, glucose breaks down into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
- Yeasts are single-celled organisms that respire anaerobically, producing alcohol as a byproduct, which makes them useful in making wine and beer.
- Muscle cells can respire anaerobically for a short duration when there's a temporary lack of oxygen.
- Anaerobic respiration in muscles results in the partial breakdown of glucose yielding lactic acid.
- Lactic acid buildup in muscles can cause cramps.
- Hot water baths and massages can relieve cramps by improving blood circulation to muscle cells, increasing the oxygen supply, and enabling complete breakdown of lactic acid.
Breathing
- Breathing involves inhaling air with oxygen and exhaling air with carbon dioxide using respiratory organs.
- Inhalation is the act of taking air enriched with oxygen into the body.
- Exhalation is the act of releasing air enriched with carbon dioxide out of the body.
- Breathing is a continuous process throughout life.
- The number of breaths a person takes per minute is called the breathing rate.
- A breath includes one inhalation and one exhalation.
- Typically, adults breathe 15 to 18 times per minute when at rest.
- Breathing rate can increase up to 25 times per minute during heavy exercise.
- Deep breaths during increased breathing rates, allow inhaling more oxygen.
Breathing Mechanism
- Air is inhaled through the nostrils, passes into the nasal cavity, and then reaches the lungs through the windpipe.
- The lungs exist inside the chest cavity, surrounded by ribs and with the diaphragm forming the floor.
- Breathing requires movement of the diaphragm and rib cage.
- During inhalation, ribs lift up and move outward while the diaphragm moves downward, increasing space in the chest cavity and allowing air to fill the lungs.
- During exhalation, ribs move downward and inward, and the diaphragm moves up, reducing the chest cavity size and pushing air out of the lungs.
- Smoking can damage lungs and is linked to cancer.
Respiratory System
- Nasal passage and oral cavity are components of the respiratory system
- Pharynx and trachea are components of the respiratory system
- Lungs and Ribs and the diaphragm are components of the respiratory system
- Air contains unwanted particles like smoke, dust, and pollens, which get trapped in nasal hair during inhalation.
- Irritation from particles passing the nasal hair can cause sneezing which expels foreign particles.
Breathing Out
- Air inhaled or exhaled is a combination of gases.
- Exhaled air consist of carbon dioxide and other gases.
- Breath contains moisture.
Breathing in Other Animals
- Animals like elephants, lions, cows, goats, frogs, lizards, snakes, and birds have lungs in their chest cavities, similar to humans.
- Cockroaches have small openings called spiracles on the sides of their bodies for breathing.
- Insects have a network of air tubes called tracheae for gas exchange.
- Earthworms breathe through their moist skins, facilitating gas passage.
- Though frogs have lungs, they can also breathe through their moist and slippery skin.
Breathing Underwater
- Gills in fish aid in using oxygen dissolved in water.
- Gills are projections of the skin well-supplied with blood vessels for gas exchange.
Respiration in Plants
- Plants respire like other organisms for survival, taking in oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide.
- Plant leaves have stomata for gas exchange
- Roots also take in air from the spaces between soil particles.
- Glucose breakdown in plant cells is similar to that in other living things.
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Description
Learn about cellular respiration in living organisms. Understand how aerobic and anaerobic respiration break down food to release energy. Explore the role of oxygen and the characteristics of anaerobes like yeast.
