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Questions and Answers
What creates a proton gradient in the mitochondria?
What powers ATP synthase in the mitochondria?
What combines with electrons and protons at the end of the electron transport chain?
What is the energy source used to pump protons and create a gradient?
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What occurs as protons flow back into the mitochondria through ATP synthase?
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Study Notes
Proton Gradient
- Pumping protons out of the inner membrane creates a high concentration of protons outside compared to inside, forming a proton gradient.
ATP Synthesis
- The proton gradient powers ATP synthase, a protein complex that facilitates protons to flow back into the mitochondria.
- This process generates ATP as protons flow through ATP synthase.
Electron Transport Chain
- At the end of the electron transport chain, electrons combine with oxygen to form water.
Energy Conversion
- The process harnesses energy from the oxidation of NADH and FADH2 to pump protons into a space, creating a gradient.
- The gradient is then used to produce ATP as protons flow back into the mitochondria.
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Description
This quiz covers the processes of cellular respiration, including proton gradients, ATP synthesis, and the electron transport chain. It explores how these processes generate ATP and facilitate energy production in cells.
