59 Questions
Which of the following is true regarding mitochondrial DNA?
It does not get compacted at metaphase.
Why doesn’t C base pair with a C on the opposite DNA strand?
Because the chemical structure of the C nucleotide does not allow base pairing with itself.
How is the q arm defined on a chromosome?
The longer arm.
Following transcription and splicing, the mature mRNA undergoes polyadenylation of its 3’ tail. What does this do?
Stabilizes the mRNA.
Which of the following best describes the difference between autocrine and paracrine signalling?
Autocrine signalling involves signalling molecules acting on the same cell, while paracrine signalling affects neighbouring cells.
How do secondary messengers contribute to cell signalling?
By transmitting cell signals
Which organelle releases calcium ions crucial for various signalling pathways?
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Which of the following statements is correct about the Golgi Apparatus?
It is involved in secretion to the cell exterior
Which of the following statements is correct about mitochondria?
Mitochondria have one lipid bilayer membrane
Protein folding in the rough endoplasmic reticulum is assisted by
The formation of disulfide bonds
Which of the following is incorrect about lysosomes?
The pH of lysosomes is essential for efficient protein degradation
Which of the following is a benefit of using Nomarski (DIC) optics in microscopy?
It provides better contrast and a more 3D image
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they
Contain no membrane-bound organelles
Which of the following is NOT a feature found in eukaryotic cells?
A rigid cell wall
Which of the following statements about untranslated regions (UTRs) is CORRECT?
Genes have both 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions.
Which of the following components are necessary for efficient translation to occur?
tRNA, ribosomes, amino acids, mRNA
Which of the following shows the correct order of an mRNA structure?
3’Cap – 5’UTR – 3’UTR – PolyA – 5’Cap
Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA base pairing is CORRECT?
DNA can base pair with both DNA and RNA
Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?
Regulating gene expression
Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?
Microtubules
What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?
To give the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation
Which of the following is true about microfilaments?
Microfilaments are composed of linear polymers of G-actin proteins
What is the major component of microfilaments?
Actin
What is the function of intermediate filaments?
Maintenance of cell shape
What are microtubules composed of?
Alpha and beta tubulin
Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
Neurofilaments
What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?
To inhibit the interaction between actin and myosin
Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is NOT associated with cytoskeleton defects?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?
To contribute to the origin of consciousness
Which of the following is true about intermediate filaments?
They organize the internal tridimensional structure of the cell
What is the main function of microfilaments?
Cell movement
What are microtubules composed of?
Hollow cylinders of alpha and beta tubulin
Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?
DNA replication
What is the major component of microfilaments?
G-actin proteins
Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
Ribosomes
What is the major component of microfilaments?
Actin
Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is NOT associated with cytoskeleton defects?
Parkinson's disease
What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?
Origin of consciousness
What are microtubules composed of?
Tubulin
Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
Cell membrane
Which of the following is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?
To give the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation
Which of the following is true about microfilaments?
They are capable of rapid growth or disassembly
What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?
To regulate the interaction between actin and myosin
What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?
To contribute to consciousness and cognition
Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
Neurofilaments
What is the major component of microfilaments?
Actin
What are microtubules composed of?
Tubulin
What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?
Inhibit the interaction between actin and myosin
What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?
To contribute to the origin of consciousness
Which of the following is true about intermediate filaments?
They organize the internal tridimensional structure of the cell.
What is the major component of microfilaments?
Actin
What is the major component of intermediate filaments in epithelial cells?
Keratin
What is the major component of neurofilaments in neural cells?
Vimentin
What is the major component of intermediate filaments that give structural support to the nuclear envelope?
Lamin
Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?
Promoting muscle contraction
What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?
Giving the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation
Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?
Microtubules
What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
What is the role of the cytoskeleton in cell migration?
It contracts, deforming the cell and allowing migration
This quiz tests your knowledge on various cellular processes and molecules involved in membrane transport. It includes questions on endocytosis, exocytosis, and the role of phosphoinositides in regulating membrane transporters. Can you choose the correct answers and demonstrate your understanding of these key concepts?
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