Cellular Processes and Membrane Transport Quiz

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Which of the following is true regarding mitochondrial DNA?

It does not get compacted at metaphase. (correct)
It is approximately the same size as the nuclear genome.
It sits inside the nucleus.
It does not code for genes.

Why doesn’t C base pair with a C on the opposite DNA strand?

Because C nucleotides on the opposite strand are in the same direction.
Because C nucleotides cannot undergo hydrogen bonding, regardless of opposite nucleotide.
Because the chemical structure of the C nucleotide does not allow base pairing with itself. (correct)
Because C nucleotides are only found on one DNA strand.

How is the q arm defined on a chromosome?

The shorter arm.
The longer arm. (correct)
The arm with less G banding.
The arm with more genes.

Following transcription and splicing, the mature mRNA undergoes polyadenylation of its 3’ tail. What does this do?

Stabilizes the mRNA. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the difference between autocrine and paracrine signalling?

Autocrine signalling involves signalling molecules acting on the same cell, while paracrine signalling affects neighbouring cells. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do secondary messengers contribute to cell signalling?

By transmitting cell signals (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle releases calcium ions crucial for various signalling pathways?

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is correct about the Golgi Apparatus?

It is involved in secretion to the cell exterior (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is correct about mitochondria?

Mitochondria have one lipid bilayer membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

Protein folding in the rough endoplasmic reticulum is assisted by

The formation of disulfide bonds (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is incorrect about lysosomes?

The pH of lysosomes is essential for efficient protein degradation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of using Nomarski (DIC) optics in microscopy?

It provides better contrast and a more 3D image (A) Signup and view all the answers

Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they

Contain no membrane-bound organelles (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature found in eukaryotic cells?

A rigid cell wall (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about untranslated regions (UTRs) is CORRECT?

Genes have both 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components are necessary for efficient translation to occur?

tRNA, ribosomes, amino acids, mRNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following shows the correct order of an mRNA structure?

3’Cap – 5’UTR – 3’UTR – PolyA – 5’Cap (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA base pairing is CORRECT?

DNA can base pair with both DNA and RNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?

Regulating gene expression (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?

Microtubules (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

To give the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about microfilaments?

Microfilaments are composed of linear polymers of G-actin proteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of microfilaments?

Actin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of intermediate filaments?

Maintenance of cell shape (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are microtubules composed of?

Alpha and beta tubulin (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Neurofilaments (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

To inhibit the interaction between actin and myosin (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is NOT associated with cytoskeleton defects?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

To contribute to the origin of consciousness (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about intermediate filaments?

They organize the internal tridimensional structure of the cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of microfilaments?

Cell movement (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are microtubules composed of?

Hollow cylinders of alpha and beta tubulin (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?

DNA replication (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of microfilaments?

G-actin proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Ribosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of microfilaments?

Actin (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is NOT associated with cytoskeleton defects?

Parkinson's disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

Origin of consciousness (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are microtubules composed of?

Tubulin (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Cell membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

To give the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about microfilaments?

They are capable of rapid growth or disassembly (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

To regulate the interaction between actin and myosin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

To contribute to consciousness and cognition (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Neurofilaments (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of microfilaments?

Actin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are microtubules composed of?

Tubulin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

Inhibit the interaction between actin and myosin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

To contribute to the origin of consciousness (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about intermediate filaments?

They organize the internal tridimensional structure of the cell. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of microfilaments?

Actin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of intermediate filaments in epithelial cells?

Keratin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of neurofilaments in neural cells?

Vimentin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major component of intermediate filaments that give structural support to the nuclear envelope?

Lamin (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?

Promoting muscle contraction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Giving the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?

Microtubules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton?

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cytoskeleton in cell migration?

It contracts, deforming the cell and allowing migration (B) Signup and view all the answers

Cellular Processes and Membrane Transport Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true regarding mitochondrial DNA?

Why doesn’t C base pair with a C on the opposite DNA strand?

How is the q arm defined on a chromosome?

Following transcription and splicing, the mature mRNA undergoes polyadenylation of its 3’ tail. What does this do?

Which of the following best describes the difference between autocrine and paracrine signalling?

How do secondary messengers contribute to cell signalling?

Which organelle releases calcium ions crucial for various signalling pathways?

Which of the following statements is correct about the Golgi Apparatus?

Which of the following statements is correct about mitochondria?

Protein folding in the rough endoplasmic reticulum is assisted by

Which of the following is incorrect about lysosomes?

Which of the following is a benefit of using Nomarski (DIC) optics in microscopy?

Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they

Which of the following is NOT a feature found in eukaryotic cells?

Which of the following statements about untranslated regions (UTRs) is CORRECT?

Which of the following components are necessary for efficient translation to occur?

Which of the following shows the correct order of an mRNA structure?

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA base pairing is CORRECT?

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?

Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Which of the following is true about microfilaments?

What is the major component of microfilaments?

What is the function of intermediate filaments?

What are microtubules composed of?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is NOT associated with cytoskeleton defects?

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

Which of the following is true about intermediate filaments?

What is the main function of microfilaments?

What are microtubules composed of?

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?

What is the major component of microfilaments?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

What is the major component of microfilaments?

Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is NOT associated with cytoskeleton defects?

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

What are microtubules composed of?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Which of the following is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Which of the following is true about microfilaments?

What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

What is the major component of microfilaments?

What are microtubules composed of?

What is the main function of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

What is the proposed role of microtubule vibrations in neurons according to Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose?

Which of the following is true about intermediate filaments?

What is the major component of microfilaments?

What is the major component of intermediate filaments in epithelial cells?

What is the major component of neurofilaments in neural cells?

What is the major component of intermediate filaments that give structural support to the nuclear envelope?

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the cytoskeleton?

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?

What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton?

What is the role of the cytoskeleton in cell migration?

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