Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What characteristic allows for the recovery of mitochondrial DNA from degraded samples?

  • Length of the non-coding region
  • Presence of gene products in the DNA
  • Large size of the DNA molecule
  • High copy number in cells (correct)

How many copies of nuclear DNA are typically present in each cell?

  • About 500
  • Hundreds
  • Two (correct)
  • Four to five

What percentage of the total DNA content does mitochondrial DNA make up?

  • Less than one percent (correct)
  • Approximately 50 percent
  • About 25 percent
  • More than 75 percent

How many genes in mitochondrial DNA code for products used in cellular energy production?

<p>37 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 1122 bp 'control' region in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Origin of replication for one of the mitochondrial DNA strands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average number of mitochondrial DNA molecules per mitochondrion?

<p>4-5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the mitochondrial DNA is used for PCR amplification in DNA analysis?

<p>Displacement loop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nucleotides does the 'heavy' strand of mitochondrial DNA contain?

<p>Guanine nucleotides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many genes are found in the coding region of mitochondrial DNA?

<p>37 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the displacement loop in mitochondrial DNA replication?

<p>Initiation of replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the displacement loop is used for DNA sequence analysis in mitochondrial DNA analysis?

<p>Hypervariable region 2 (HV2) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives rise to the 'light' and 'heavy' strands in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Asymmetric distribution of nucleotides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nucleotides has the largest molecular weight among the four possible nucleotides?

<p>Guanine nucleotides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the displacement loop or D-loop in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>~610 bp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNAs are found in the coding region of mitochondrial DNA?

<p>(mRNA) and (tRNA) molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are there no introns and only a few non-coding nucleotides between the coding regions in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>To economize packaging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of the total DNA content that mitochondrial DNA makes up?

<p>0.25% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many genes in mitochondrial DNA code for products used in the oxidative phosphorylation process or cellular energy production?

<p>37 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average number of mitochondrial DNA molecules per mitochondrion?

<p>400-500 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many copies of nuclear DNA are typically present in each cell?

<p>2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic allows for the recovery of mitochondrial DNA from degraded samples?

<p>Higher copy number in cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives rise to the 'light' and 'heavy' strands in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Differential methylation patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of mitochondrial DNA is utilized for PCR amplification in DNA analysis?

<p>Non-coding control region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the displacement loop or D-loop in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Approximately 610 base pairs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives rise to the 'light' and 'heavy' strands in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Asymmetric distribution of nucleotides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many genes in mitochondrial DNA code for products used in cellular energy production?

<p>13 genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic allows for the recovery of mitochondrial DNA from degraded samples?

<p>High rate of substitutions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 1122 bp 'control' region in mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Initiating replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of RNAs are found in the coding region of mitochondrial DNA?

<p>Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nucleotides does the 'heavy' strand of mitochondrial DNA contain?

<p>'Guanine' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total DNA content does mitochondrial DNA make up?

<p>~5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average number of mitochondrial DNA molecules per mitochondrion?

<p>1-2 molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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