Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What characteristic allows for the recovery of mitochondrial DNA from degraded samples?

  • Length of the non-coding region
  • Presence of gene products in the DNA
  • Large size of the DNA molecule
  • High copy number in cells (correct)

    • How many copies of nuclear DNA are typically present in each cell?

  • About 500
  • Hundreds
  • Two (correct)
  • Four to five

    • What percentage of the total DNA content does mitochondrial DNA make up?

  • Less than one percent (correct)
  • Approximately 50 percent
  • About 25 percent
  • More than 75 percent

    • How many genes in mitochondrial DNA code for products used in cellular energy production?

    <p>37</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the 1122 bp 'control' region in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Origin of replication for one of the mitochondrial DNA strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average number of mitochondrial DNA molecules per mitochondrion?

    <p>4-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the mitochondrial DNA is used for PCR amplification in DNA analysis?

    <p>Displacement loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nucleotides does the 'heavy' strand of mitochondrial DNA contain?

    <p>Guanine nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many genes are found in the coding region of mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>37</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the displacement loop in mitochondrial DNA replication?

    <p>Initiation of replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the displacement loop is used for DNA sequence analysis in mitochondrial DNA analysis?

    <p>Hypervariable region 2 (HV2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to the 'light' and 'heavy' strands in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Asymmetric distribution of nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nucleotides has the largest molecular weight among the four possible nucleotides?

    <p>Guanine nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the displacement loop or D-loop in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>~610 bp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNAs are found in the coding region of mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>(mRNA) and (tRNA) molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are there no introns and only a few non-coding nucleotides between the coding regions in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>To economize packaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of the total DNA content that mitochondrial DNA makes up?

    <p>0.25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many genes in mitochondrial DNA code for products used in the oxidative phosphorylation process or cellular energy production?

    <p>37</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average number of mitochondrial DNA molecules per mitochondrion?

    <p>400-500</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many copies of nuclear DNA are typically present in each cell?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic allows for the recovery of mitochondrial DNA from degraded samples?

    <p>Higher copy number in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to the 'light' and 'heavy' strands in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Differential methylation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of mitochondrial DNA is utilized for PCR amplification in DNA analysis?

    <p>Non-coding control region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the displacement loop or D-loop in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Approximately 610 base pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives rise to the 'light' and 'heavy' strands in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Asymmetric distribution of nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many genes in mitochondrial DNA code for products used in cellular energy production?

    <p>13 genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic allows for the recovery of mitochondrial DNA from degraded samples?

    <p>High rate of substitutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the 1122 bp 'control' region in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Initiating replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of RNAs are found in the coding region of mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nucleotides does the 'heavy' strand of mitochondrial DNA contain?

    <p>'Guanine'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the total DNA content does mitochondrial DNA make up?

    <p>~5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average number of mitochondrial DNA molecules per mitochondrion?

    <p>1-2 molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

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