Cellular Metabolism Overview

Anabolism builds larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy, while catabolism breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

ATP serves as the energy-carrying molecule in cells, providing the required energy for almost all cellular processes.

Enzymes act as biocatalysts that accelerate metabolic reactions and have functional specificity for particular substrates.

<p>Enzyme activity is affected by factors such as pH, temperature, and substrate concentration, which must be within specific ranges for optimal functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activators are compounds that turn inactive enzymes into active ones, while inhibitors are substances that reduce or stop enzyme activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>After ATP releases energy, it becomes ADP (adenosine diphosphate), a low-energy molecule that can be recharged back into ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An example of an anabolic process is protein synthesis, while an example of a catabolic process is the breakdown of glucose to CO₂ and H₂O.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzyme specificity refers to the property that each enzyme catalyzes only a particular type of chemical reaction or substrate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living cell.

Metabolic processes that build larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy.

Metabolic processes that break down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

The main energy-carrying molecule used in cells.

Biological catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions in cells.

The region on an enzyme where the substrate binds, responsible for the enzyme's catalytic activity.

Enzymes are specific to their substrate and function, meaning they can only catalyze a specific type of reaction.

The activity of each enzyme is affected by environmental factors like pH, temperature, and substrate concentration.