Cellular Metabolism: Catabolism and Anabolism
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Cellular Metabolism: Catabolism and Anabolism

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of catabolic pathways?

  • To synthesize larger molecules using energy.
  • To convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbon compounds.
  • To generate energy by breaking down larger molecules. (correct)
  • To break down small molecules into larger ones.
  • What is the term for organisms that convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbon compounds?

  • Phototrophs
  • Heterotrophs
  • Chemotrophs
  • Autotrophs (correct)
  • What is the energy source used by organisms that get their energy for electron transfer from light?

  • Light energy (correct)
  • Chemical energy
  • Mechanical energy
  • Thermal energy
  • What is the term for the process of assembling smaller molecules into larger ones using energy?

    <p>Anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anabolic pathways?

    <p>To synthesize larger molecules using energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organisms relies on more complex organic carbon compounds as nutrients?

    <p>Heterotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones releasing energy?

    <p>Catabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy source used by organisms that get their energy for electron transfer from chemicals?

    <p>Chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the chemical reactions that occur within a cell?

    <p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metabolic pathway involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?

    <p>Catabolic pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anabolic metabolic pathways?

    <p>To convert simple molecular building blocks into more complex molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reactions require energy to proceed?

    <p>Endergonic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe metabolic pathways that are spontaneous and release energy?

    <p>Exergonic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely causing Hannah's symptoms in the Clinical Focus?

    <p>A metabolic disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions in a cell?

    <p>Metabolic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between anabolic and catabolic metabolic pathways?

    <p>Anabolic pathways involve the synthesis of molecules, while catabolic pathways involve the breakdown of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Metabolism

    • Metabolism is the term used to describe all the chemical reactions that occur inside a cell.
    • It involves a series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways.
    • Metabolic pathways can be either anabolic (energy-requiring) or catabolic (energy-releasing).

    Anabolism and Catabolism

    • Anabolism refers to endergonic metabolic pathways involved in biosynthesis, converting simple molecules into complex ones.
    • Anabolic pathways require energy to synthesize larger molecules.
    • Catabolism refers to exergonic pathways that break down complex molecules into simpler ones.
    • Catabolic pathways generate energy by breaking down larger molecules.
    • Both anabolic and catabolic pathways are required for maintaining the cell's energy balance.

    Classification by Carbon and Energy Source

    • Organisms can be classified according to the source of carbon they use for metabolism.
    • Autotrophs convert inorganic carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic carbon compounds.
    • Examples of autotrophs include plants and cyanobacteria.
    • Heterotrophs rely on complex organic carbon compounds as nutrients, initially provided by autotrophs.
    • Examples of heterotrophs include humans and many prokaryotes, such as Escherichia coli.
    • Organisms can also be classified according to their energy source.
    • Phototrophs obtain energy for electron transfer from light.
    • Chemotrophs obtain energy for electron transfer from chemicals.

    Energy and Molecules

    • Molecular energy is stored in the bonds of complex molecules and released in catabolic pathways.
    • This energy is harvested and used to produce high-energy molecules, which drive anabolic pathways.
    • Cells continually balance catabolism with anabolism in terms of energy and molecules.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the balance between catabolic and anabolic pathways in cellular metabolism, including energy release and molecule breakdown.

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